Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally. According to a report published by the World Health Organization (WHO), there are currently 10 million new cases of Cancer each year worldwide. According to WHO’s new estimates, one in every 10 Indians in India is likely to develop cancer throughout their lifetime and one in 15 people may die of cancer. This WHO report also reveals some shocking statistics related to cancer in India:

• Each year 16 million cancer-related new cases are reported in India.
• About 7,84,800 people die due to cancer.
• The six main cancers in India include breast cancer, oral cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, and colorectal cancer.

What is cancer?

Cancer is an unusual and dangerous condition occurring in the body. Cancer occurs when cells in the body grow abnormally and divide. Our body is made up of trillions of cells. Healthy cells grow and divide according to the needs of the body. As cells age or grow, these cells also die. In their place, new cells are formed. When someone has cancer, the cells stop functioning in this way. Old and damaged cells survive rather than die, and new cells start to form even when not needed. These extra cells divide uncontrollably, resulting in the tumor. Most cancers are tumors, but blood cancer does not have a tumor. However, not every tumor is cancerous. Cancer can develop in any part of the body. Usually, it spreads to the surrounding tissues. Unusual and damaged cancer cells reach other parts of the body and start forming new malignant tumors.

Over a hundred, including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, skin cancer, Lung cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, lymphoma. There are types of cancer. The symptoms and investigations of all these cancers differ from each other. Cancer is mainly treated by chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery.

Symptoms of cancer

All cancer symptoms are different from each other. In such a situation, everyone should know about its symptoms and symptoms, so that diagnosis and treatment can be started by recognizing the symptoms in time. Some common symptoms of cancer are as follows: –

Unexplained weight loss: It can be one of the first signs of cancer if you start losing weight fast without any reason. Weight loss is a problem in people suffering from pancreas, stomach, or lung cancer. However, people with other types of cancer may also lose weight.

Extreme fatigue: Feeling tired throughout the day is also one of the important symptoms of cancer. Fatigue is felt more when there is leukemia, colon cancer.

Lump: If there is any type of lump or lump in the skin, then it may be the symptoms of cancer. Lumps usually occur in breast cancer, lymph nodes, soft tissue, and cancer in the testicles.

Changes in the skin: If your skin color has changed to yellow, black, or red, then it can be a sign of cancer. Also, if you see changes in the color and shape of moles or warts on any part of the body, do not ignore it. Also, note that no wound is taking much time to heal.

Acute pain: Acute pain can usually be an early symptom of bone or testicular cancer, while back pain is associated with colorectal, pancreatic, or ovarian cancer. There are signs. People who have malignant brain tumors complain of high headaches.

Changes in bowel movement and bladder function: Constipation, diarrhea, bleeding in the stool may be signs of colorectal cancer. Bleeding with the pain while urinating can be the initial symptoms of bladder cancer and prostate cancer.

Swelling in lymph nodes: Swollen glands persist for three to four weeks. An increase in the size of lymph nodes is also a sign of cancer.

Anemia: When there is anemia, there is a huge decrease in the red blood cell. It can be a sign of hematological cancer.

Causes of cancer

There is no known reason behind why cancer occurs. However, some factors may increase the likelihood of getting cancer. We must avoid exposure to potential carcinogenic factors to protect ourselves from this fatal condition. However, it is not within our control to prevent cancer due to genetic factors, which is a major risk factor for getting cancer. Despite this, those who have a history of cancer in their family must be screened with extra caution. Due to the early detection of cancer, treatment can be started in time. Some of the major factors that can increase the chances of getting cancer are: –

Chewing tobacco or smoking cigarettes: Consumption of nicotine present in these things can cause cancer in any part of the body. Tobacco and smoking commonly increase the risk of mouth cancer, lung cancer, alimentary tract, and pancreatic cancer.

Genes: If there is a history of cancer in the family, the chances of getting this dangerous disease increases to a great extent. Cancer can also be caused by a defective gene. For example, breast cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, etc. can be hereditary.

Carcinogens in the environment: Everything we eat or drink, the air we breathe contains many substances or substances that have the potential to increase the risk of cancer. . Compounds such as asbestos, benzene, benzene, arsenic, nickel, and nickel increase the risk of getting many other cancers besides lung cancer.

Foods: Nowadays, most fruits and vegetables are contaminated with pesticides, which can have undesirable effects on the body. Re-heated food, over-cooked foods, reheated oils are carcinogenic. Polluted water is also very harmful due to the waste materials coming out of the factories because it contains a high amount of heavy minerals.

Virus: Hepatitis B and C viruses are responsible for up to 50 percent of liver cancer, whereas the Human Papillomavirus is responsible for cervical cancer in 99.9% of cases. . Also, radiation and sun exposure also increases the risk of cancer to a great extent.

Stage of cancer

Most cancers have tumors and can be divided into five stages. All these stages of cancer show how serious your cancer has taken.

0: This indicates that you do not have cancer. However, there are some abnormal cells present in the body, which can develop into cancer.

I: In this stage the tumor is small and the cancer cells spread in only one area.

II and III: In the first and second stages, tumor size increases, and cancer cells also spread to nearby organs and lymph nodes.

IV: This is the last and very dangerous stage of cancer, also known as metastatic cancer. In this stage, cancer starts spreading to other parts of the body.

cure cancer

Seeing physical symptoms and signs, doctors try to detect cancer. Physical examination is done after looking at your medical history. A sample of urine, blood, or stool is taken for the test. You may have to undergo X-rays, computed tomography, MRI, ultrasound, and fiber-optic endoscopy tests in case of cancer. Through all these tools, doctors can easily know the location and size of the tumor. Whether someone has cancer or not is easily known through biopsy. Tissue samples are taken for examination in a biopsy. If the biopsy results are positive, then further tests are done to detect the spread of cancer.

Cancer treatment

The doctor may decide the treatment option based on the type, location, or condition of cancer. Typically, cancer treatment mainly includes surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, hormone therapy, immunotherapy, and stem cell transplants.

Surgery

Doctors try to remove cancerous tumors, tissues, lymph nodes, or any other cancer affected area by surgery. Sometimes doctors also perform surgery to find out the severity of the disease. If cancer has not spread to other parts of the body, surgery is the best option for treatment.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is done in several stages. In this process, cancer cells are eliminated through drugs. However, this method of treatment is quite painful for some people. Several side effects are also seen, including mainly hair loss. The drugs are injected into the nasal side along with food.

Radiation therapy

Radiation has a direct effect on cancer cells and prevents them from growing again. In this process, an attempt is made to destroy cancer cells using high-energy particles or waves. Some people are given only radiation therapy in the treatment and some are given radiation therapy along with surgery and chemotherapy.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy enables your immune system to fight cancer cells.

Hormone therapy

This therapy is used to treat cancers that are affected by hormones. Hormone therapy significantly improves breast and prostate cancer.

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