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Prostate-specific membrane antigen Santa Fe: What it is and how it affects prostate cancer

Prostate-specific membrane antigen Santa Fe:

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in US men. While skin cancer is the most common cancer in US men, prostate cancer is next. But it can be successfully treated. The American Cancer Society estimates that one in seven men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during his lifetime, so this condition affects many people across the country, but treatment options are available and effective, especially if caught early and managed correctly. Here’s what you need to know about prostate-specific membrane antigen Santa Fe, its role in treating prostate cancer, and why early detection and monitoring are so important for the effective treatment of the condition…

Introduction
The prostate is a gland in the male reproductive system. It’s located below the bladder and surrounds the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder. It produces fluid to nourish sperm. The prostate also secretes a liquid that helps neutralize any acidity in semen before it leaves the body during ejaculation.
The prostate-specific membrane antigen, or PSA, is a protein produced by normal cells of the prostate gland.

Symptoms of prostate cancer
Prostate cancer develops when cells in the prostate gland grow out of control. These cells can invade nearby tissues, but they do not always do so. Symptoms may include difficulty urinating, frequent urination, pain during urination, blood in urine or semen, trouble getting an erection or sexual desire, or erections that are not hard enough for sex.

Diagnosis of prostate cancer
The PSA test measures the level of prostate-specific membrane antigen in a man’s blood. In general, a normal PSA level ranges from 0.0 to 4.0 ng/mL. However, if this number falls below 0.0 ng/mL, the patient may have prostate cancer or prostatitis, an inflammation of the prostate gland that can lead to difficulty urinating.

Treatment options for benign (non-cancerous) enlargement of the prostate gland
There are two treatment options for benign prostate enlargement, including hormonal therapy such as testosterone replacement therapy, or surgery. This can include transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or a transurethral needle ablation (TUNA). A TURP is a surgical procedure that removes enlarged prostate tissue. The surgeon inserts an instrument called a resectoscope into the urethra to create an incision in the bladder neck.

Treatment options for advanced-stage prostate cancers
Treatment options depend on the stage of prostate cancer at diagnosis, but for advanced stages, options include hormone therapy with flutamide, bicalutamide, or leuprorelin; radiotherapy; or surgery. Prostate-specific membrane antigen Santa Fe is an abbreviation for a protein found in some prostate cancers. The use of this protein to diagnose prostate cancers has been controversial because these proteins are not specific to prostate cancer cells and can be found in other cell types such as white blood cells. However, this test may still be useful because when it is positive, there is an increased chance that the tumor will grow more quickly than tumors where this protein was not detected.

References
The Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) test, also known as the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, is a blood test used to screen for prostate cancer. It measures the amount of PSMA in a patient’s blood. This protein can be found on the surface of prostate cells as well as on cells from other organs. However, PSA has been found to be more reliable at detecting prostate cancer than PSMA.

The post Prostate-specific membrane antigen Santa Fe: What it is and how it affects prostate cancer first appeared on NAZING written by Olivia Bradley