Kulbhushan Jadhav's arrest
Arrest |
| Born on 16th April 1970, Kulbhushav Jadhav is an Indian national who was arrested in Pakistan on 3rd March 2016 on charges of espionage and terrorism near the Pakistan-Iran border.
A couple of weeks later, on 24th March 2016, Pakistan alleged that Jadhav was an agent working for the Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), India's intelligence agency.
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India's response to Pakistan's allegations
India's response |
| India dismissed all claims that Jadhav was a R&AW agent.
Instead, India acknowledged that Jadhav was a former Indian Navy officer who took voluntary retirement in 2002, and had had no links with the Indian government ever since.
India held that Jadhav owned a cargo business in Iran and operated out of the Bandas Abbar and Chabahar ports.
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Pakistan releases confession video, India dismisses it
Confession video |
| On 29th March 2016, Pakistan received video footage claiming it to be Jadhav's confession that he worked for the Indian Navy and R&AW.
India, however, questioned the legitimacy of the video, claiming that Pakistani authorities might have used objectionable techniques to force an answer from Jadhav.
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Conflicting claims of evidence on Pakistan's part
Conflicting claims |
| In December 2017, Sartaj Aziz, the advisor on foreign matters to the Pakistan prime minister, said that there was not enough evidence on Jadhav to convict him.
However, on 31st December 2016, Pakistan said that it would hand over a dossier on Jadhav to the UN Secretary General to substantiate its claims.
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No chance of extradition for Jadhav
No extradition |
| On 3rd March 2017, Aziz took a U-turn from his previous claim of insufficient evidence and announced that Jadhav would not be extradited to India at any cost.
In response, India asked Pakistan to adhere to the international decorum on dealing with foreign nationals in custody.
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Pakistan gives execution order, India reacts furiously
Death sentence |
| On 10th April 2017, Pakistani authorities announced that Kulbhushan Jadhav was to be executed for activities amounting to "espionage and sabotage".
The announcement led to escalation of tensions between India and Pakistan, with the former claiming that Jadhav had been "kidnapped" from Iran last year, and that the trial which led to the decision was "farcical" and not based on evidence.
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India approaches ICJ; ICJ stays execution order
ICJ developments |
| Following Pakistan's execution order, India immediately approached the International Court of Justice (ICJ) situated in The Hague, Netherlands.
On 26th April, Pakistan denied India its 16th request for consular access to Jadhav.
On 8th May, India moved the UN seeking justice for Jadhav.
On 9th May, the ICJ advised Pakistan not to act till Jadhav's case was heard in the ICJ.
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The ICJ orders Pakistan to stay Kulbhushan Jadhav's execution
ICJ verdict |
| The ICJ heard Jadhav's case on 15th May with India being represented by Harish Salve and Pakistan by Khawar Qureshi.
After hearing the case, the ICJ said that it would announce its verdict as soon as it could.
The verdict came on Thursday night, with the international court ordering Pakistan to stay Jadhav's execution until further notice by the ICJ.
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Kulbhushan Jadhav case- Pak's Attorney General Ali replaces Khawar Qureshi
20 May 2017 |
| After the ICJ's order to stay Jadhav's execution, opposition parties in Pakistan asked for a replacement in the country's legal team.
With Khawar Qureshi suffering a defeat at the hands of Harish Salve, Pakistan's Attorney General Ashtar Ausaf Ali announced that he would personally represent Pakistan at the ICJ.
The date for next hearing is unknown as of now.
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