https://youtu.be/5XVRoNRylwU [Video] Neil Conway’s Song - ‘Up in Labrador Territory’

https://www.reddit.com/r/environment/comments/9vag6k/we_believe_in_moving_forward_on_evidencebased “We believe in moving forward on evidence-based policy…” https://twitter.com/JustinTrudeau @JustinTrudeau  20 April 2018 , By Scott D’Arcy 20 April 2018 The “i” Newspaperhttps://www.pressreader.com/uk/i-newspaper/20180420/281616715965669

“I believe Muskrat Falls was the biggest mistake in Newfoundland and Labrador’s history…Dwight Ball NL Premier 27 Sept 2018  https://twitter.com/DwightBallMHA @DwightBallMHA

A small sample [1-5] of valid and reliable evidence pertinent to the complete removal of the Muskrat Falls-Gull Island Nalcor Crown Corporation Hydro MegaDamage project, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada - "micro hydropower is largely a net positive for communities and has minimal environmental impact” ”

“We believe in moving forward on evidence-based policy, we know that macro-plastics like straws are a significant challenge in the ocean but we also know that both micro-plastics and nano-plastics represent a real challenge to our oceans.”
https://twitter.com/JustinTrudeau @JustinTrudeau PM Canada By Scott D’Arcy 20 April 2018 The “i” Newspaper https://www.pressreader.com/uk/i-newspaper/20180420/2816167159656692.

“I believe Muskrat Falls was the biggest mistake in Newfoundland and Labrador’s history. Liberals have always been in the business of fixing PC mistakes, and since 2015…boy, there has been no shortage of business.” [https://twitter.com/DwightBallMHA @DwightBallMHA Premier of Newfoundland and Labrador, MHA for the District of Humber-Gros Morne, NL, Canada 27 Sept 2018]

3. Research Findings [extracts]

“The same problems are being repeated: disrupting river ecology, deforestation, losing aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity, releasing substantial greenhouse gases, displacing thousands of people, and altering people’s livelihoods plus affecting the food systems, water quality, and agriculture near them. This paper studies the proliferation of large dams in developing countries and the importance of incorporating climate change into considerations of whether to build a dam along with some of the governance and compensation challenges.”

“It is easy to forget, as one seeks “green energy” technologies, that dams have a finite lifespan (i.e., that they are not really a sustainable long-term strategy).”

“Large dams seem to be everything that one should not try to build if one cares about sustainability.”

“…innovative technologies that reduce all of these negative outcomes should be developed, especially instream turbines and other forms of renewable energy.”

“The human costs of large dams are no less important. The social, behavioral, cultural, economic, and political disruption that populations near dams face are routinely under estimated.”

“Often, large dams are promoted with the idea that locals will gain some benefits out of them. However, the evidence suggests otherwise. A recent study using a database of 220 dam-related conflicts found that, in dams surrounded by controversies and conflict, the use of repression, criminalization, violent targeting of activists, and assassinations was common.”

“Hydropower is the world’s primary renewable energy resource, but questions have been raised about its reliability under projected climate change. In Brazil, which depends on hydropower for up to 67% of its electrical energy (48), this is a crisis waiting to happen. However, the response to likely reduced capacity from climate change has been to accelerate dam construction in these subbasins, even when this has meant not following international laws of free and open consultation with local and indigenous people (49), rather than investing in technologies “

“To move toward sustainability, future hydropower development needs to give more attention to how climate change may affect hydropower production and make greater efforts to reduce the environmental and social costs borne by people near the dams.”

“…most importantly, innovative technologies that reduce all of these negative outcomes should be developed, especially instream turbines and other forms of renewable energy.”

“According to a recent US Energy Information Administration Outlook, the vast majority of the world’s newly installed renewable energy over the next 25 years will come from hydroelectric dams, mostly in the developing world. Here, climate change impacts are already felt but again, are not being addressed by dam builders.”

“Hydropower is the world’s primary renewable energy resource, but questions have been raised about its reliability under projected climate change. In Brazil, which depends on hydropower for up to 67% of its electrical energy (48), this is a crisis waiting to happen. However, the response to likely reduced capacity from climate change has been to accelerate dam construction in these subbasins, even when this has meant not following international laws of free and open consultation with local and indigenous people (49), rather than investing in technologies with lesser environmental impact, such as instream turbines (50, 51), and investing in other sources of renewable energy, like solar, biomass, and wind, to diversify the energy mix (45, 52).

More concerning is the plan that most future hydropower in South America will come from the river-rich Amazon Basin, where there will likely be serious environmental and social consequences (36). The same can be said for Asia..”

“[Our] solutions have relevance worldwide, as hydropower can also contribute to meeting goals of reducing fossil fuel emissions and building sustainable communities with diversified energy sources.”

[Source: Scientific Report below from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [PNAS] Emilio F. Moran, Maria Claudia Lopez, Nathan Moore, Norbert Müller, and David W. Hyndman PNAS published ahead of print November 5, 2018 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1809426115 Contributed by Emilio F. Moran, September 25, 2018 sent for review July 27, 2018; reviewed by Carlos A. Nobre and Nigel John Smith]