The African Union has been admitted as a permanent member of the G20, representing a diplomatic victory for Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Previously, Africa had only been marginally represented through South Africa's seat and AU permanent guest status. The African Union is comprised of 55 African nations and represents approximately 1.4 billion people and 10% of the world's economy. The G20 countries are expected to face challenges in reaching consensus on geopolitical issues and climate change, which have significant implications for developing countries. Additionally, an agreement in principle for a major sea and rail transport project linking India to Europe is expected to be signed at the G20 summit.

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