Kubernetes has expanded considerably over the years, and many believe it to be one of the greatest orchestration solutions available. As a result, professionals keen on a career in DevOps or cloud technology have started honing their skills using this widely used and successful framework to enhance their careers. Giants including Google, Airbnb, the music streaming service Spotify Pinterest, and others have been using Kubernetes for years. As a result, we’ve compiled a list of the most often asked and significant Kubernetes interview questions and answers on this blog.
As a result, organizations are increasingly using Kubernetes to design and run contemporary applications, creating a greater need for Kubernetes engineers. The need has also generated chances for Kubernetes engineers to collaborate with top tech companies in the United States.
Keep exploring and reading to discover the most common interview questions on Kubernetes in 2024.
What is Kubernetes?
Kubernetes, or K8s, is a container management platform that manages containerized applications and services. It distributes application workloads throughout the Kubernetes infrastructure and addresses container networking requirements. Additionally, it assigns storage and volumes that remain to containers.
As a result, organizations are increasingly using Kubernetes to design and run contemporary applications, creating a greater need for Kubernetes engineers. The need has also generated chances for Kubernetes engineers to collaborate with top tech companies in the United States.
Kubernetes is one of the most excellent and most popular orchestration solutions available today. This product has gained popularity among top firms such as The New York Times, SAP software, Huawei, and eBay. However, only a handful of these individuals possess the necessary abilities to fulfill the growing demand for Kubernetes-certified personnel.
Top 20 Kubernetes Interview Questions and Answers
Here are the top 20 K8s interview questions and their answers respectively:
What is Kubernetes?
This is one of the most fundamental K8s interview questions but one of the most critical! Kubernetes represents an open-source orchestrating container tool or system that automates container management, evaluation, scaling, and distribution. It manages numerous containers conveniently (since it allows for container clustering), resulting in discoverable and manageable logical units.
Explain Google Container Engine (GKE)
GKE is a Google-managed version of the open-source Kubernetes administration platform for clustering and Docker containers. Additionally, it offers a controlled environment for installing, scaling, and maintaining containerized applications via Google infrastructure. Moreover, its goal is to make deploying, managing, and scaling containerized programs in production more accessible.
Are you familiar with the K8s?
It is an alternative name for Kubernetes, a free platform for managing containerized programs. Kubernetes simplifies containerized programs’ scaling, installation, and maintenance, allowing them to function reliably across several computer systems.
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What is Etcd?
Kubernetes stores all of its data, including metadata and config data, in etcd, a distributed key-value database that nodes in Kubernetes clusters may access and write to. Although etcd was specifically created for CoreOS, its open-source nature allows it to be used with a variety of systems with operating systems (which includes Linux, BSB, and OS X). Moreover, Etcd reflects a cluster’s state at a particular time and serves as the canonical hub for the Kubernetes cluster’s state administration and coordination.
Define Stateful Lists in Kubernetes
The stateful set is a workflow API object that controls the stateful application. It also contains pod deployment and scalability. The state data and other data of autonomous pods are saved on the disk preservation, which is linked to the stateful set.
What is container orchestration?
App orchestration is the software process of integrating multiple applications into one. Container Orchestration allows you to automate the setup, construct the coordination, and administer the computer program. The purpose of any orchestrating process is to simplify and optimize frequently repeated procedures.
How are Kubernetes and Docker connected?
This is one of the most common Kubernetes interview questions, and the interviewer may as well ask you about your experience dealing with any of them. Moreover, Docker is a free software framework for managing software development. However, its key advantage is rushing the preferences and addictions the software or application necessitates inside a container, allowing flexibility and various extra benefits. Kubernetes cares for the manual networking and supervision of numerous containers operational on hosts produced with Docker commands.
Kubernetes and Docker are two technologies that work together to provide distributed application distribution and administration. That’s why you must not consider it as the Docker and Kubernetes interview questions.
What is a Kubernetes cluster?
The Kubernetes cluster consists of nodes that execute containerized apps across various contexts and machines, including cloud-based, physical in nature, virtual, and on-premises. It simplifies application creation, administration, and movement.
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What are the characteristics of Kubernetes?
Kubernetes features include.
- Automated planning.
- Self-healing abilities.
- Automated rollout and reversal
- Horizontal scaling and load balancing
- Provides environmental uniformity for research, testing, and manufacturing
- Infrastructure is loosely connected to each component, which operates as an independent entity.
- Provides a greater level of resource usage
- Provides enterprise-ready functionality
- Application-centric management.
- Infrastructure that is automatically scalable.
- You can build a predictable infrastructure.
What are the different services available in Kubernetes?
There are several types of Kubernetes services, including:
- Cluster IP Services
- Node Port Services
- External Name Creation service and
- Load Balancer service
What is a node in Kubernetes?
A node that operates in Kubernetes is an employee machine, sometimes known as a minion. However, this node might be a real or virtual machine. Each node has a service for running pods handled by master elements. Node services could encompass kubelet, kube-proxy, and more.
What is Heapster?
This is also one of the most common Kubernetes interview questions in 2024. Heapster is a cluster-wide database aggregator powered by Kubelet, which runs on each node. The container in question management tool has native support within the Kubernetes cluster and operates as a pod alongside all other pods. So, it simply detects every single node in the cluster and requests use statistics from the cluster’s Kubernetes nodes using the on-machine Kubernetes agent.
What is the distinction between installing apps on hosts versus containers?
Deploying Applications are comprised of an architecture that involves an operating system. The operating system, or OS, will have a kernel that contains numerous libraries required for an application.
The term container host describes the system that runs containerized processes. This type is separate from the other programs; hence, the apps must contain the relevant libraries. The binaries are isolated from the remainder of the system and can’t infringe on other applications.
What are the roles of the kube-apiserver and kube-scheduler?
This is one of the most common Kubernetes interview questions in 2024. Here you can answer this question:
Kube-apiserver:
- It uses a scale-out design and is the master node command panel’s front end.
- This exposes all APIs for the Kubernetes Master cluster components.
- It establishes communication between each Kubernetes Node and the Kubernetes master elements.
Kube-scheduler:
- It is in charge of allocating and managing workload across worker nodes.
- It determines the best node to execute the unscheduled pod depending on resource requirements and maintains track of resource use.
- It ensures that workloads are not planned on nodes that are already full.
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How do You create a Kubernetes scheduler?
The kube-scheduler is Kubernetes’ standard scheduler. If you like, it is created so you may create your own and use it instead.
The following is the syntax:
Scheduling Life Cycle:
- A pod is formed, the preferred state is stated, and without filling out the node title, it is saved to etcd.
- The scheduler detects a new module with no node attached.
- It identifies an appropriate node for that pod.
- It then instructs the API server to connect the container to the node, after which the updated intended state is recorded to etcd.
What is the Ingress network, and exactly how does it work?
An ingress network is a set of rules that serve as an entrance point to the Kubernetes clusters. Moreover, it empowers inbound influences, which may be set to deliver services outside via manageable URLs, load-balancing traffic flow, or name-based virtual cloud hosting. So, Ingress is an API module that handles external connections to a cluster’s services, often over HTTP and is a compelling method of exposing services.
What is a Kubernetes pod?
Try responding more carefully to these Kubernetes interview questions rather than using a one-liner. Pods are high-level constructions that surround one or more units. This is because Kubernetes does not execute containers directly. Containers in the same pod share local connectivity and resources, which enables them to interact as if they were on the same system while retaining a level of isolation.
Why do we require container orchestration?
Container orchestration is crucial for dealing with containers and maximizing their benefits. It is appropriate for usage in any situation that uses containers.
However, container orchestration is compulsory for managing and industrializing containerized application placement, scaling, and management. Moreover, it reduces operating upstairs, improves competence and flexibility, and safeguards infrastructure user-friendliness, contributing to healthier app performance.
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What are federated clusters?
Cluster federation is the grouping of many clusters such that they are treated as a logical cluster. This allows numerous clusters to be controlled as one cluster. They remain with the support of federated groupings. Users may also construct several clusters within a data center or cloud and govern or administer them all from a single location using the federation.
- To conduct cluster federation, follow these steps:
- Cross-cluster functionality that allows DNS and Load Balancer to communicate with the backends of participating clusters.
- Users can synchronize resources between clusters to use the same installation set across all clusters.
- Consider a worldwide corporation with a highly dispersed system, including many server rooms, virtual machines, and several staff working on diverse tasks.
How do you believe such a corporation can manage its tasks consistently with Kubernetes?
This is one of the most popular Kubernetes interview questions in 2024. As we all know, IT departments deploy thousands of containers, with jobs executing on a large number of nodes throughout the world in a distributed framework.
However, in such a case, the organization can implement something that provides agility, scale-out capabilities, and a DevOps approach for cloud-based apps.
As a result, the organization may use Kubernetes to modify its scheduling architecture while still supporting numerous container types.
Additionally, it allows for affinity across container workloads, which increases efficiency and provides extensive support for various container networking and storage choices.
Conclusion
The Kubernetes interview questions listed above will assist applicants in preparing for their interviews. It will also assist recruiters in accurately assessing the candidate’s talents.
However, we attempted to cover the most common questions and answers for Kubernetes interviews at the primary, medium, and advanced levels.
Moreover, a detailed understanding of DevOps and inside-the-premises software development may support you in gaining a comprehensive perspective. Finally, taking the Postgraduate Program in DevOps course and taking the time to research and comprehend what you’ve learned, ideally while putting the information into practice, is the best way to get ready for a Kubernetes interview and the Kubernetes interview questions you have understood here are the cherry on top.
However, the more comfortable you are with these sorts of Kubernetes interview questions and answers for experienced people, the better you can demonstrate your talents and expertise. Comment down if you have any queries about the interview questions on Kubernetes and get your answers accordingly.
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