Geotechnical engineering is a branch that directly falls underneath civil surveying which concentrates on how the earth materials behave. Regardless of their significance in the main application, disciplines that concentrate on the creation on surface or within the soil that include military, mining, and petroleum still make use of them. The ground and stone mechanics are the principles that govern the inspection of subsurface materials or conditions.

The principles are also used to monitor foundation and earthwork construction, monitor site conditions, design foundations, evaluate risks and balance of artificial and natural slopes, and determine the significant chemical, mechanical, and physical properties of materials. A common geotech engineering plan starts with the evaluation of their needs to establish the properties. The establishment is followed by the area inspection bedrock properties, fault distribution, rock, and soil above and below their area.

Their assessment distinguishes the interaction techniques on, with, or in a proposal. The knowledge of a project site is a necessity. An assessment is integrated with the reviews of dangers presented to a property, an individual, and the environment including ground liquefaction, earthquakes, landslides, and stone falls.

An engineer is responsible for the determination of designs for earthworks, foundations, and pavement subgrades to create an artificial establishment. A layout for the foundation is created and designed with wide variations including a medium to large commercial infrastructure, high structure, bridge, and smaller building. A footing formulated for an establishment above the earth is integrated with shallow and deep ground works.

A retaining structure would refer to the retaining walls and earth filled dams and earthworks refer to deposition of sanitary landfills and harmful wastes, reservoirs, channels, levees and dikes, tunnels, embankments. This application also has a connection to ocean and coastal engineering. Coastal surveying incorporates the construction and design of jetties, marinas, and wharves. Ocean surveying is concerned with the anchor and foundation systems for offshore buildings.

The industries of surveying geology and geotechnical engineering are similar with each other, yet there specializations still overlap. This industry is concerned on engineering, while surveying geology is branch under geology. The applications of geotechnical surveying are also referred to as the practice involved in the creation of structures in and out of rock or ground.

An engineer is primarily tasked to evaluate the stone and soil properties of their site, understand the differences of rock and earth properties, and determine building techniques. This professional is also asked to strengthen caves, excavations, and tunnels, analyze behaviors of an embankment, and conduct a response analysis. The primary components linked to specialty are earth and foundations.

The ground mechanic is part of its primary areas wherein soil is analyzed prior to the start of their project to insure their capability to hold the weight of the establishments. An engineer understanding of their properties based on factors that include the form and size of stone or mineral particles, volume of minerals, water, and air, and the distribution of grains is required. The evaluation of the foundation to check their capability of holding the weight of the building is advisable.

Geotechnical surveying has already emerged as an excellent resolution to civil surveying issues. Buildings constructed above unstable soils require the advanced form of this specialty. Certainly, climate change augmented to the demand for these professionals because of added instances of landslides, rock falls, and flooding.