NASA and ESA utilize a range of instruments to gauge solar activity’s impact on Earth, with the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) being a prominent tool. Since its launch in 1995, SOHO has been equipped with 12 scientific instruments, including the Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT), Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI), and LASCO (Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph). SOHO’s capabilities encompass capturing images of the sun’s corona, measuring the sun’s surface velocity and magnetic fields, and observing the sun’s faint corona. With such advanced technology, forecasters have revealed that a CME…

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