The Chinese Chang’E-4 rover has been exploring the far side of the moon since 2018, collecting valuable data about its geological composition. A team of scientists from the Planetary Science Institute, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen University, and the University of Aberdeen has used the lunar-penetrating radar (LPR) data sent back by the rover to uncover layers of the moon’s history.

By analyzing the LPR data, the researchers have constructed a subsurface map that extends 300 meters below the moon’s surface. They have discovered that the top 300 meters of the moon is composed of various layers of broken rocks, dust, and soil. Additionally, the team found evidence of a hidden crater and layers of lava, providing insights into the moon’s volcanic past.

These findings align with prior research suggesting that the moon was formed approximately 4.5 billion years ago from the debris of a collision between a large planet and Earth. Subsequently, another impact cracked the moon’s surface, allowing molten material to rise to the surface. The analysis of the lava layers supports the theory that volcanic activity ceased around 1 billion years ago, rendering the moon geologically inactive.

The researchers note that the Chang’E-4 rover is still actively collecting data, indicating that there is more to discover about the moon’s history. This research not only contributes to our understanding of the moon but also provides insights into the broader field of planetary formation and geology.

Source: Jianqing Feng et al, Layered Structures in the Upper Several Hundred Meters of the Moon Along the Chang’E-4 Rover’s First 1,000-M Traverse, Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets (2023).

Citation:
Phys.org. “Penetrating radar aboard the Chang’E-4 rover reveals layers of the moon’s history.” Retrieved August 22, 2023, from https://phys.org/news/2023-08-penetrating-radar-aboard-change-rover.html

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