Question

An ecommerce company wants to design a highly available application that will be hosted on multiple Amazon EC2 instances.

How should the company deploy the EC2 instances to meet these requirements?

A. Across multiple edge locations
B. Across multiple VPCs
C. Across multiple Availability Zones
D. Across multiple AWS accounts

Answer

C. Across multiple Availability Zones

Explanation 1

The correct answer is C. Across multiple Availability Zones.

Availability Zones are distinct locations within an AWS Region. They are isolated from each other by different physical infrastructure, such as power grids, cooling systems, and networking. This means that if there is an outage in one Availability Zone, the application will still be available in the other Availability Zones.

Deploying EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones is a best practice for achieving high availability. This is because it reduces the risk of the application being unavailable due to a regional outage.

The other answer choices are not as effective in achieving high availability.

• Option A: Deploying EC2 instances across multiple edge locations does not provide as much protection against regional outages, as edge locations are still within the same Region.
• Option B: Deploying EC2 instances across multiple VPCs does not provide as much protection against regional outages, as VPCs are still within the same Region.
• Option D: Deploying EC2 instances across multiple AWS accounts does not provide any additional protection against regional outages, as both accounts are still in the same Region.

Therefore, the correct answer is C. Across multiple Availability Zones.

Here are some additional considerations for deploying EC2 instances for high availability:

• Use an Auto Scaling group to automatically scale the number of EC2 instances based on demand. This will help to ensure that the application is always available, even during periods of high traffic.
• Use a load balancer to distribute traffic across the EC2 instances. This will help to improve performance and prevent any single instance from becoming overloaded.
• Use a DNS failover service to ensure that the application is always accessible, even if one of the DNS servers fails.

By following these best practices, you can help to ensure that your application is highly available and resilient to outages.

Explanation 2

I would recommend option C: Across multiple Availability Zones.

Availability Zones (AZs) are isolated locations within an AWS Region that provide redundant infrastructure and services to increase the resilience and availability of applications. By deploying the EC2 instances across multiple AZs, the ecommerce company can ensure that the application remains available even in the event of an outage or disruption in one AZ.

Here’s a detailed explanation of why option C is the best choice:

1. Reduced downtime: Deploying the EC2 instances across multiple AZs ensures that the application remains available even if one AZ experiences an outage or disruption. This reduces downtime and increases the overall availability of the application.
2. Increased fault tolerance: By distributing the EC2 instances across multiple AZs, the company can tolerate hardware or software failures in one AZ without affecting the overall functionality of the application.
3. Improved scalability: Deploying the EC2 instances across multiple AZs allows the company to scale the application more easily, as it can use resources from multiple AZs to handle increased traffic or demand.
4. Enhanced security: AWS provides various security features and controls that are distributed across multiple AZs, such as firewall rules and access controls. By deploying the EC2 instances across multiple AZs, the company can take advantage of these security features and controls to protect the application.

In contrast, options A (Across multiple edge locations), B (Across multiple VPCs), and D (Across multiple AWS accounts) do not provide the same level of resilience and availability as deploying the EC2 instances across multiple AZs. Option A does not provide any advantages in terms of resilience or availability, as the application would still be running on the same infrastructure. Option B does not provide the same level of redundancy and fault tolerance as deploying the EC2 instances across multiple AZs. Option D does not make sense, as it is not possible to deploy EC2 instances across multiple AWS accounts.

Therefore, the best answer is option C: Across multiple Availability Zones.

Explanation 3

The correct answer is C. Across multiple Availability Zones.

To design a highly available application on Amazon EC2 instances, it is recommended to deploy the instances across multiple Availability Zones (AZs). Availability Zones are physically separate data centers within a region, each with independent power, cooling, and networking infrastructure. By distributing EC2 instances across multiple AZs, you can ensure that your application remains available even if one AZ experiences an outage.

Deploying EC2 instances across multiple edge locations (option A) is not necessary for achieving high availability. Edge locations are used for content delivery and caching, not for hosting EC2 instances.

Deploying EC2 instances across multiple VPCs (option B) can provide isolation and security, but it does not directly contribute to high availability. High availability is achieved by distributing instances across multiple AZs within a single VPC.

Deploying EC2 instances across multiple AWS accounts (option D) is not necessary for achieving high availability. High availability can be achieved within a single AWS account by distributing instances across multiple AZs.

Therefore, the most appropriate approach to meet the requirements of a highly available application hosted on multiple EC2 instances is to deploy the instances across multiple Availability Zones (option C).

Explanation 4

The correct answer is C. Across multiple Availability Zones.

Availability Zones are distinct locations within an AWS Region. They are isolated from each other by different physical infrastructure, such as power grids, cooling systems, and networking. This means that if there is an outage in one Availability Zone, the application will still be available in the other Availability Zones.

Deploying an application across multiple Availability Zones is a best practice for increasing the availability of the application. This is because it reduces the risk of the application being unavailable due to a regional outage.

The other answer choices are not as effective in increasing the availability of the application.

• Option A: Deploying the EC2 instances across multiple edge locations does not provide any additional availability, as edge locations are still within the same Region.
• Option B: Deploying the EC2 instances across multiple VPCs does not provide any additional availability, as VPCs are still within the same Region.
• Option D: Deploying the EC2 instances across multiple AWS accounts does provide some additional availability, as the accounts are in different Regions. However, this is not as effective as deploying the EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones within the same Region.

Therefore, the correct answer is C. Across multiple Availability Zones.

Here are some additional considerations for deploying an application across multiple Availability Zones:

• Use a load balancer to distribute traffic across the EC2 instances. This will help to ensure that no single instance is overloaded.
• Use Auto Scaling to automatically scale the number of EC2 instances up or down based on demand. This will help to ensure that the application is always available, even during peak traffic periods.
• Use a service like Amazon Route 53 to route traffic to the EC2 instances in the Availability Zone with the lowest latency. This will help to improve the performance of the application.

By following these best practices, you can help to ensure that your application is highly available and reliable.

Explanation 5

The answer is C. Across multiple Availability Zones.

Availability Zones are distinct physical locations within a Region. They are engineered to be isolated from each other, so that a failure in one Availability Zone will not affect the other Availability Zones in the Region.

By deploying the EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones, the company can ensure that the application will remain available even if one Availability Zone experiences a failure. This is important for ecommerce companies, as they need to ensure that their customers can always access their products and services.

In addition to deploying the EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones, the company should also consider using a load balancer to distribute traffic across the instances. This will help to ensure that the application remains available even if one of the instances experiences a failure.

Explanation 6

The correct answer is C. Across multiple Availability Zones.

To design a highly available application that can tolerate failures, the ecommerce company should deploy their EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones.

Some key points:

• Availability Zones are distinct locations within an AWS Region that are engineered to be isolated from failures.
• By deploying instances across multiple Availability Zones, if one Availability Zone becomes unavailable due to a failure, the application can still run in the other Availability Zones.
• Deploying across edge locations (A) would span multiple AWS Regions, which is not required to achieve high availability within a single Region.
• Deploying across multiple VPCs (B) or AWS accounts (D) does not provide the isolation and failure resilience of deploying across Availability Zones.
• Deploying across Availability Zones minimizes the risk of a single point of failure that could take down the entire application. Even if an entire data center fails, instances in other Availability Zones remain unaffected.

Therefore, to achieve a highly available application within an AWS Region, the ecommerce company should deploy their EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones (C). This will allow the application to continue running even if one Availability Zone experiences an outage or failure.

In summary, deploying EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones (C) within an AWS Region is the best approach to meet the requirements for a highly available application.

Explanation 7

The correct answer is C. Across multiple Availability Zones.

Availability Zones are distinct locations within an AWS Region. They are isolated from each other by different physical infrastructure, such as power grids, cooling systems, and networking. This means that if there is an outage in one Availability Zone, the application will still be available in the other Availability Zones.

Deploying an application across multiple Availability Zones is a best practice for increasing the availability of the application. This is because it reduces the risk of the application being unavailable due to a regional outage.

The other answer choices are not as effective in increasing the availability of the application.

• Option A: Deploying the EC2 instances across multiple edge locations does not provide any additional availability, as edge locations are still within the same Region.
• Option B: Deploying the EC2 instances across multiple VPCs does not provide any additional availability, as VPCs are still within the same Region.
• Option D: Deploying the EC2 instances across multiple AWS accounts does provide some additional availability, as the accounts are in different Regions. However, this is a more complex and expensive solution than simply deploying the EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones.

Therefore, the correct answer is C. Across multiple Availability Zones.

Here are some additional considerations for deploying EC2 instances for high availability:

• Use a load balancer to distribute traffic across the EC2 instances. This will help to ensure that no single instance is overloaded.
• Use Auto Scaling to automatically scale the number of EC2 instances up or down based on demand. This will help to ensure that the application is always available, even during peak traffic periods.
• Use a managed service like Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) or Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) for data storage. These services are designed to be highly available and scalable, so they can help to ensure that the application data is always available.

By following these best practices, you can deploy EC2 instances for high availability and ensure that your application is always available to your users.

Explanation 8

The correct answer is C. Across multiple Availability Zones.

To ensure high availability for an ecommerce application hosted on Amazon EC2 instances, it’s important to deploy the instances across multiple Availability Zones (AZs). Availability Zones are isolated locations within an AWS region that provide redundant networking, power, and cooling systems. By deploying the EC2 instances across multiple AZs, the application can continue to function even if one AZ experiences an outage or maintenance issue.

Each AZ has its own set of instances, and AWS automatically distributes traffic across them. If one AZ experiences an outage, the other AZs can continue to handle traffic, ensuring that the application remains available. Additionally, AWS provides various services, such as Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS), Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS), and Amazon Elastic Load Balancer (ELB), that can be configured to span multiple AZs, further increasing the availability of the application.

Option A, deploying across multiple edge locations, would not increase availability as edge locations are not redundant and are subject to the same outages or maintenance issues.

Option B, deploying across multiple VPCs, would not increase availability as VPCs are virtual networks that operate within a single Availability Zone.

Option D, deploying across multiple AWS accounts, would not increase availability as each AWS account operates independently and instances in one account cannot be used to provide redundancy for instances in another account.

Therefore, the best answer is C, deploying the EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones, which provides the highest level of availability for the ecommerce application.

Explanation 9

The correct answer is C. Across multiple Availability Zones.

To design a highly available application that will be hosted on multiple Amazon EC2 instances, the best practice is to deploy these instances across multiple Availability Zones (AZs).

Availability Zones (AZs) are distinct, physically separate data centers within the same AWS Region. They are designed to be isolated from each other in terms of power, networking, and other infrastructure components. By deploying your EC2 instances across multiple AZs, you can ensure that your application remains available even if one Availability Zone experiences an outage or failure.

Here’s a breakdown of why the other options are not as suitable:

A. Across multiple edge locations:
Edge locations are part of Amazon CloudFront’s content delivery network and are primarily used for caching and distributing content to end-users. While they can enhance performance, they are not meant for hosting EC2 instances and don’t provide the same level of redundancy as Availability Zones.

B. Across multiple VPCs:
While using multiple Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs) could potentially offer isolation and segmentation benefits, it’s not the primary strategy for achieving high availability. Deploying instances across multiple VPCs might introduce complexity in networking and management without directly addressing the fault tolerance aspect.

C. Across multiple Availability Zones:
This is the correct choice. Deploying across multiple Availability Zones ensures that your application can continue to operate even if one Availability Zone goes down. It provides the desired level of redundancy and fault tolerance for highly available applications.

D. Across multiple AWS accounts:
Deploying across multiple AWS accounts might provide some level of isolation, but it doesn’t inherently contribute to high availability. It can introduce administrative complexity and might not directly address application-level availability concerns.

In conclusion, when designing a highly available application hosted on multiple Amazon EC2 instances, deploying these instances across multiple Availability Zones within the same AWS Region is the most effective approach. This strategy ensures that your application remains operational even in the face of infrastructure failures, providing the desired level of availability and resilience.

Explanation 10

To design a highly available application that will be hosted on multiple Amazon EC2 instances, the company should deploy the EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones (Option C).

This is because AWS Availability Zones are engineered to be isolated from failures in other Availability Zones and to provide inexpensive, low-latency network connectivity to other zones in the same region. By deploying instances in separate Availability Zones, you can protect your application from the failure of a single location.

Edge locations (Option A), are not typically used for hosting applications. Instead, they serve content to end users with lower latency.

Multiple VPCs (Option B) could be considered for separation of concerns on the network level (like different environments – dev, testing, prod). However, this does not help in high availability.

Finally, deploying across multiple AWS accounts (Option D) generally relates to organizational structures or billing separation rather than resilience or high availability.

Therefore, for high availability, deploying across multiple Availability Zones is the best option.

Explanation 11

To design a highly available application hosted on multiple Amazon EC2 instances, the company should deploy the instances across multiple Availability Zones. Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Amazon EC2 instances are virtual servers in the cloud that can be used to host applications. To ensure high availability, it is important to distribute the instances across multiple Availability Zones (AZs) within the chosen AWS Region.

Here’s why the other options are not the best choices:

A. Across multiple edge locations: Edge locations are part of Amazon CloudFront, which is a content delivery network service. Deploying EC2 instances across multiple edge locations is not the appropriate approach for achieving high availability. Edge locations are primarily used for caching content and reducing latency for end users.

B. Across multiple VPCs: While using multiple Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs) can provide isolation and security boundaries, it doesn’t directly address high availability. High availability is about ensuring that the application remains accessible even if one component fails. Deploying EC2 instances across multiple VPCs may introduce complexity and management overhead.

D. Across multiple AWS accounts: Deploying EC2 instances across multiple AWS accounts is not necessary to achieve high availability within a single application. Multiple AWS accounts are typically used for security, billing, and organizational purposes but do not directly impact the availability of the application.

In summary, to design a highly available application hosted on multiple EC2 instances, the recommended approach is to deploy the instances across multiple Availability Zones within the chosen AWS Region. This ensures that if one Availability Zone experiences an issue, the application remains accessible and operational in other Availability Zones, providing redundancy and fault tolerance.

Explanation 12

High availability is a critical requirement for any ecommerce application, as it ensures that the application is always available to users, even in the event of hardware or software failures. Deploying EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones is an effective way to meet this requirement, as it provides a number of benefits:

1. Reduced single point of failure: By deploying EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones, the ecommerce company can reduce the risk of a single point of failure affecting the entire application. If one Availability Zone experiences an outage, the application can continue to function in the other Availability Zones.
2. Automatic failover: AWS provides automatic failover capabilities between Availability Zones, which means that if one Availability Zone becomes unavailable, the application can automatically fail over to another Availability Zone without manual intervention.
3. Improved performance: Deploying EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones can also improve application performance, as users can be directed to instances in the closest Availability Zone to their location.
4. Enhanced security: By deploying EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones, the ecommerce company can also enhance security by minimizing the impact of security breaches or other security incidents.

In contrast, the other options are not as effective for meeting the high availability requirements of an ecommerce application:

(A) Across multiple edge locations: While edge locations can provide some level of redundancy, they may not be able to provide the same level of availability as deploying instances across multiple Availability Zones.

(B) Across multiple VPCs: While deploying instances across multiple VPCs can provide some level of redundancy, it may not be able to provide the same level of availability as deploying instances across multiple Availability Zones.

(D) Across multiple AWS accounts: Deploying instances across multiple AWS accounts may not provide any significant advantages in terms of high availability, as the accounts may still be located in the same region and may be subject to the same outages or other issues.

In conclusion, deploying EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones is the most effective way to meet the high availability requirements of an ecommerce application, as it provides a number of benefits including reduced single point of failure, automatic failover, improved performance, and enhanced security.

Explanation 13

The correct answer is C. Across multiple Availability Zones.

An Availability Zone (AZ) is a distinct location within an AWS Region that is isolated from the other AZs in that Region. Each AZ has independent power, cooling, and physical security, and is connected to the other AZs in the same Region by low-latency, high-throughput, and highly redundant networking. By deploying the EC2 instances across multiple AZs, the company can design a highly available application that can withstand the failure or disruption of one or more AZs.

The other options are not correct because:

A. Deploying the EC2 instances across multiple edge locations does not meet the requirements of high availability. Edge locations are sites that are part of the AWS Global Accelerator network. They are used to improve the performance and availability of applications by routing user traffic to the optimal AWS endpoint. However, they are not designed to host EC2 instances or provide redundancy or fault tolerance for them.

B. Deploying the EC2 instances across multiple VPCs does not meet the requirements of high availability. A VPC is a virtual network that is logically isolated from other virtual networks in AWS. It allows you to control the network configuration and security settings for your resources within the VPC. However, it does not provide any redundancy or fault tolerance for your EC2 instances across different AZs or Regions.

D. Deploying the EC2 instances across multiple AWS accounts does not meet the requirements of high availability. An AWS account is a container for your AWS resources and identity. It allows you to manage your billing, access, and security settings for your AWS resources. However, it does not provide any redundancy or fault tolerance for your EC2 instances across different AZs or Regions.

Explanation 14

The answer is C: Across multiple Availability Zones.

To build a highly available application on EC2, you should deploy across multiple Availability Zones within the same region. Here’s why:

• Availability Zones are physically separate data centers within a region with low-latency network connectivity. They are designed to be isolated from failures in other Availability Zones and provide resiliency for applications.
• If one Availability Zone becomes unavailable due to a power outage, hardware failure, or network disruption, instances in other Availability Zones will remain unaffected and the application will continue to be available.
• Availability Zones are connected via the region’s extremely low latency network backbone. This allows EC2 instances in different Availability Zones to communicate seamlessly and rapidly, providing high performance for distributed applications.

Deploying across multiple edge locations (A), multiple VPCs (B), or multiple AWS accounts (D) will not provide the same level of isolation and resiliency as deploying across Availability Zones within the same region.

Edge locations are points of presence outside of AWS Regions, while VPCs and AWS accounts span Availability Zones within a region.

Therefore, to meet the requirement of a highly available application, the ecommerce company should deploy their EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones within the same AWS Region.

Explanation 15

To design a highly available application hosted on multiple Amazon EC2 instances, the ecommerce company should deploy the EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones.

C. Across multiple Availability Zones

Here’s a detailed explanation of why deploying the EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones is the correct choice:

Availability Zones: AWS regions are divided into multiple Availability Zones (AZs), which are physically separate data centers. Each Availability Zone is designed to be isolated from failures in other Availability Zones, with independent power, networking, and cooling infrastructure.

High Availability: Deploying EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones ensures high availability for the application. If one Availability Zone experiences an outage or disruption, the application can continue running from the instances in the unaffected Availability Zones.

Fault tolerance: By distributing the EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones, the application becomes more fault-tolerant. Fault tolerance refers to the ability of a system to continue functioning properly even in the presence of faults or failures. If one Availability Zone fails, the application can automatically failover to instances in other Availability Zones, minimizing downtime and ensuring business continuity.

Load balancing: Deploying EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones allows for the implementation of load balancing. Load balancing evenly distributes incoming traffic across multiple instances, improving performance and scalability. It also provides additional resiliency by redirecting traffic to functioning instances if one or more instances become unavailable.

Cost optimization: By utilizing multiple Availability Zones, the company can take advantage of AWS’s pricing model. Data transfer costs between Availability Zones within the same region are typically lower compared to transferring data across regions or edge locations.

In summary, option C. Deploying the EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones is the recommended approach to design a highly available application. It ensures high availability, fault tolerance, load balancing, and cost optimization by leveraging the isolated infrastructure of different Availability Zones within an AWS region.

Explanation 16

The correct answer is C. Across multiple Availability Zones.

An Availability Zone (AZ) is a distinct location within an AWS Region that is isolated from failures in other AZs. By deploying EC2 instances across multiple AZs, the company can ensure that their application will remain available even if one AZ becomes unavailable due to a power outage, network issue, or natural disaster. This also improves the performance and latency of the application, as the instances can serve requests from the nearest AZ.

The other options are incorrect because:

A. Edge locations are not part of the AWS global infrastructure, but rather extensions of it that provide caching and content delivery services. They are not suitable for hosting EC2 instances, as they do not offer the same level of reliability, scalability, and security as AZs.

B. VPCs are virtual networks that allow users to isolate and control their AWS resources. They do not affect the availability of EC2 instances, as they are logical constructs that span across AZs. The company can use a single VPC or multiple VPCs to host their EC2 instances, but they still need to distribute them across multiple AZs to achieve high availability.

D. AWS accounts are used to organize and access AWS resources. They do not affect the availability of EC2 instances, as they are administrative boundaries that do not impact the underlying infrastructure. The company can use a single AWS account or multiple AWS accounts to host their EC2 instances, but they still need to distribute them across multiple AZs to achieve high availability.

Explanation 17

The best way for the ecommerce company to deploy the EC2 instances to achieve high availability is to deploy them across multiple Availability Zones (AZs).

The explanation is:

• Availability Zones are distinct locations within an AWS Region that are engineered to be isolated from failures in other Availability Zones. By launching EC2 instances in separate AZs, the application remains available even if there is a failure in one AZ.
• Edge locations are where content is cached for faster delivery and do not provide isolation from failures.
• Deploying across multiple VPCs only provides network isolation within the same Region. It does not protect from AZ failures.
• Using multiple AWS accounts does not isolate the application from AZ failures within a Region.

Therefore, the correct answer is C – deploy the EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones. This ensures the application remains highly available by distributing instances across isolated infrastructure in separate AZs within the Region.

The key is to leverage Availability Zones to ensure the application is resilient from failures and provides high availability.

Explanation 18

The correct answer is C. Across multiple Availability Zones.

According to AWS, an Availability Zone (AZ) is a distinct location within an AWS Region that is isolated from the other AZs in that region. Each AZ has independent power, cooling, and physical security, and is connected to the other AZs in the same region by low-latency, high-throughput, and highly redundant networking.

By deploying EC2 instances across multiple AZs, you can achieve high availability and fault tolerance for your web application. If one AZ fails, your application can still run on the other AZs without interruption.

The other options are not correct because:

• Edge locations are not used to host EC2 instances, but to deliver content to end users with lower latency.
• VPCs are virtual networks that span across one or more AZs, but do not provide high availability by themselves.
• AWS accounts are used to manage access and billing for AWS services, but do not affect the availability of EC2 instances.

Explanation 19

The best answer is C: Across multiple Availability Zones.

Here is the detailed explanation:

To design a highly available application on Amazon EC2, deploying the instances across multiple Availability Zones is the best choice.

Deploying EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones provides the following benefits:

1. Fault tolerance – If one Availability Zone becomes unavailable due to an outage, the application will still be able to serve requests from instances in the other Availability Zones. This protects against single points of failure within a single Availability Zone.

2. Higher availability – Spreading instances across Availability Zones increases the overall availability of the application because Availability Zones are isolated from each other.

3. Low latency – Availability Zones are connected via ultra-low latency links, so instances in different Availability Zones can still work together as a single application with high performance.

The other options are not the best choices:

A) Edge locations are for caching content at the edge of the AWS global network. They are not isolated fault domains like Availability Zones.

B) Multiple VPCs alone will not provide the isolation and fault tolerance of multiple Availability Zones.

D) Multiple AWS accounts do not provide the physical isolation and low latency networking of Availability Zones.

Therefore, the best design to achieve a highly available application on EC2 is to deploy the instances across multiple, isolated Availability Zones within the same Region.

Explanation 20

To design a highly available application hosted on multiple Amazon EC2 instances, the company should deploy the instances across multiple Availability Zones. The correct answer is option C.

Explanation:
Availability Zones (AZs) are physically separated data centers within an AWS Region. By deploying EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones, the company can achieve high availability and fault tolerance for their application. If one Availability Zone experiences an outage or disruption, the application can continue running in other Availability Zones.

Deploying EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones ensures that the application can handle failures and maintain continuous operation. AWS provides a Service Level Agreement (SLA) for each Region, which guarantees a certain level of availability for services deployed across multiple Availability Zones.

Option A, deploying across multiple edge locations, is not the most suitable answer for achieving high availability with EC2 instances. Edge locations are part of Amazon CloudFront’s global network and primarily used for content delivery, not for hosting EC2 instances.

Option B, deploying across multiple VPCs (Virtual Private Clouds), is not the most effective solution for achieving high availability. While multiple VPCs can be used for isolation and security purposes, they do not inherently provide the same level of redundancy and fault tolerance as deploying across multiple Availability Zones.

Option D, deploying across multiple AWS accounts, is not the recommended approach for achieving high availability with EC2 instances. While using multiple AWS accounts can provide some level of isolation, it does not offer the same level of redundancy and fault tolerance as deploying across multiple Availability Zones.

In summary, to design a highly available application hosted on multiple EC2 instances, the company should deploy the instances across multiple Availability Zones. This approach provides redundancy, fault tolerance, and improved availability for the application.

Explanation 21

According to one source, one of the guidelines to achieve high availability on AWS is to design the system to have no single point of failure. This can be done by using multiple Availability Zones within a region, which are isolated from each other and provide redundancy and fault tolerance. Another source also suggests using a load balancer cluster to scale the services for AWS high availability. Therefore, based on these sources, I think the answer to your question is C. Deploy the EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones.

Explanation 22

The correct answer to the question is C. Across multiple Availability Zones.

An Availability Zone (AZ) is a distinct location within an AWS Region that is isolated from the other AZs in that Region. Each AZ has independent power, cooling, and physical security, and is connected to the other AZs in the same Region by low-latency, high-throughput, and highly redundant networking.

By deploying the EC2 instances across multiple AZs, the ecommerce company can design a highly available application that can withstand failures of individual servers, network devices, or even an entire AZ. This way, the application can continue to operate even if one AZ becomes unavailable or degraded.

Some of the benefits of deploying EC2 instances across multiple AZs are:

• Improved fault tolerance: If one AZ fails, the application can still run on the other AZs without interruption.
• Enhanced performance: The application can leverage the low-latency network connections between AZs to distribute load and reduce latency for end users.
• Increased scalability: The application can scale up or down based on demand by adding or removing EC2 instances in different AZs.

Some of the AWS services that support deploying EC2 instances across multiple AZs are:

• Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2): You can launch EC2 instances in different AZs and use Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) or Amazon Route 53 to distribute traffic across them.
• Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS): You can create RDS instances with Multi-AZ deployments, which automatically provision and maintain a synchronous standby replica in a different AZ for high availability and data durability.
• Amazon Elastic File System (EFS): You can create EFS file systems that are accessible from EC2 instances in multiple AZs within a Region.

The other options are not correct because:

• A. Across multiple edge locations: Edge locations are AWS data centers that are used for caching content and delivering services with low latency. They are not suitable for hosting EC2 instances, as they are not designed for compute workloads and do not provide redundancy or scalability.
• B. Across multiple VPCs: A Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) is a logically isolated section of the AWS cloud where you can launch AWS resources in a virtual network that you define. You can create multiple VPCs within a Region or across Regions, but this does not guarantee high availability for your EC2 instances. You still need to deploy your EC2 instances across multiple AZs within a VPC or use VPC peering to connect multiple VPCs.
• D. Across multiple AWS accounts: An AWS account is a container for your AWS resources and identity information. You can create multiple AWS accounts for different purposes, such as billing, security, or compliance. However, this does not ensure high availability for your EC2 instances. You still need to deploy your EC2 instances across multiple AZs within an account or use AWS Organizations to manage multiple accounts.

Reference

• Global Infrastructure Regions & AZs (amazon.com)
• What is an Edge Location in AWS? A Simple Explanation – Last Week in AWS Blog
• amazon ec2 – What exactly is an AWS “Edge Location”? – Stack Overflow
• amazon web services – AWS Edge Locations Vs Local Zones – Stack Overflow
• High availability and scalability on AWS – Real-Time Communication on AWS (amazon.com)
• What Is AWS High Availability Architecture + How To Achieve (stepstocloud.com)
• AWS Outposts High Availability Design and Architecture Considerations – AWS Outposts High Availability Design and Architecture Considerations (amazon.com)
• A Quick-Start Guide to AWS High Availability and Its 3 Dimensions – Learn | Hevo (hevodata.com)
• Architecture I: How to Get High Availability | AWS Startups Blog (amazon.com)
• High availability (amazon.com)

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