Croesus (r. 560-546 BCE) was the King of Lydia, a region in western Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey) and was so wealthy that the expression "as rich as Croesus" originates in reference to him. Best known for his Wealth, he is also famous for misinterpreting the message from the Oracle at Delphi, leading to his downfall. His wealth, it is said, came from the sands of the River Pactolus in which...