In this article you can find out how the Internet has developed over the years and the History behind it.

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What would your life be like without the internet? Perhaps you would call customers more often and hand out flyers in the neighborhood. You would collect your marketing knowledge in the library instead of conveniently obtaining it from our blog. And there would be neither video conferences nor streamed series after work. One thing is certain: the Internet has radically changed all of our lives in just a few years.

Find out exactly how this came about and get an overview of the history of the Internet.

How long has the internet existed?

The forerunner of today’s Internet was called Arpanet and was developed in the USA in 1964, but not introduced to the public until 1969. At this point, four computers from Stanford University, Los Angeles University, Salt Lake City University, and Santa Barbara University were connected. The first data transmission was on October 29, 1969.

The World Wide Web was invented much later: the idea for it came to computer expert Tim Berners-Lee around 1990. It has been available to everyone since April 30, 1993.

Internet and WWW (World Wide Web) – What’s the difference?

The terms Internet and World Wide Web – WWW for short – are often used synonymously. Actually they don’t mean the same thing.

In general, the Internet is a worldwide network that connects individual computer networks with one another. The World Wide Web, on the other hand, is a service within the framework of the Internet. It makes it possible to create and visit websites. There are also many other services on the Internet, such as e-mail and radio. However, the WWW is the one most commonly used by everyone.

The development of the Internet

If we start the story at the very beginning, we even have to look in front of the Arpanet. 1957 – in the middle of the Cold War – the Soviet Union sent its first satellite into space. The USA feared that the Soviet Union could destroy their intelligence system. They were therefore looking for a way to control their networks decentrally in the future. Even if one network location fails, others should be able to continue working normally.

For this reason, among other things, the Advances Research Project Agency – ARPA for short – was founded in 1958. She did research on military knowledge and information exchange and developed the Arpanet. However, after the first transmission of a message was successful in 1969, the number of computers connected to the network grew only slowly.

In 1971, 23 computers were finally connected to the Arpanet. That same year, computer engineer Ray Tomlinson introduced a messaging system he had developed: e-mail. He also introduced the @ sign, which is still in use today.

Another major milestone followed in the summer of 1973: the scientists Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn developed the technical internet protocol TCP. This made it possible to transmit data in small packets. Cerf was the first to use the term “Internet”. It stands for “Interconnected Networks”.

In 1974, the Arpanet expanded abroad: the first computers in Norway, England and Hawaii followed.

In the coming years, the number of computers in the network increased continuously. In 1983, it broke the 4,000 computer mark. A year later, the Domain Name System, DNS for short, was developed. Users could now address machines around the world with easy-to-remember names instead of IP addresses.

Via the World Wide Web to mass adoption

Tim Berners-Lee finally made a decisive contribution to the further spread of the Internet. From 1989 to the 90s he gradually presented the concept of the World Wide Web, first drafts for the markup language HTML and invented URLs, browsers and web servers. The HTTP protocol and the associated setting of links between different websites was also Berners-Lee’s idea.

1990 The National Science Foundation of the USA decided to open the Internet for commercial purposes. From that point on, private individuals could also use it. A little later the Arpanet was completely replaced by the WWW and switched off.

In 1993, the first mass-produced internet browser “Mosaic” was developed. A year later, the search engines Lycos and Yahoo went live. Google went live in 1997.

In the years that followed, the Internet was used more and more intensively. It also rapidly gained popularity in Germany. This development can still be observed today.

Summary: The History of the Internet in a Timeline

You can follow the most important milestones in the development of the Internet in this timeline:

1958 – The Advances Research Project Agency (ARPA) is formed.

1964 – The Arpanet is developed.

1969 – The first message is transmitted between two computers.

1971 – The first email is sent in Arpanet.

1972 – The File Transport Protocol (FTP) is developed.

1973 – Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn develop the Internet protocol TCP.

1974 – The first computers outside the USA are connected to the Arpanet.

1983 – The network protocol IPv4 is introduced.

1984 – The Domain Name System (DNS) is developed. The first German computer is connected to the CSNet computer network at the University of Karlsruhe.

1989 – Tim Berners-Lee presents his idea of ​​the World Wide Web. In the following years he also develops HTML, HTTP, URLs, browsers and web servers.

1990 – America frees the internet for everyone.

1993 – The first mass-market graphical Internet browser “Mosaic” is launched.

1994 – Yahoo and Lycos are the first search engines to start operating.

2004 – Social networks like Facebook and Xing come into fashion.

2007 – After the presentation of the first iPhone, the development of the mobile Internet picks up speed.

Conclusion: The development of the internet is far from over

After a rather slow development at the beginning, the Internet has rapidly established itself from the beginning of the 1990s at the latest. Today it is an integral part of everyday life – and the developments are far from over. New offers are constantly being developed on the Internet, more and more research is being done in the field of artificial intelligence and work is being done in Germany on the introduction of the new 5G mobile communications standard. It is therefore quite possible that the Internet will increase its influence on our lives in the future.

Cover image: Nutthaseth Vanchaichana / getty images

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