Often in the art world, terminology can be very esoteric and confusing. Many people do not know the differences between Clay, pottery, Porcelain, terra cotta, etc. So, I thought I would take the time to put it in laymen's terms.
To start, pottery and ceramic are the same. They both are clay products that need to be heated. It seems that the word "ceramic" is used more in an artful way and "pottery" more functional. Here is where it gets a little more scientific:
- Earthenware, Bisque or Biscuit - is fired at 1800-2100 degrees and is quite porous. When glazed, it can be made to hold liquids, but since it is not as refined as stoneware and porcelain, it may be high in lead content. Example:
- Ceramic pot with "matrix" pattern - by Paradox Pottery
- Stoneware - while still unrefined, it is safe for functional use. It is fired at 2200-2400 degrees, is chip resistant, and conducts and retains heat well. It is fine in the microwave and great for cooking and baking. Examples:
- Oval White Tree Stoneware Serving Platter - by Eileen Braun
- Wave Stoneware Vase - by Sasha Ceramics
- Porcelain - the highest grade, refined and white in color, and fired at 2200-2500 degrees. It is made with kaolin clay, which is quite expensive. Since it is very hard when finished it works well for dishes. It is hard, impermeable (even before glazing), white, translucent, and resonant. The sound is quite distinctive when you flick your finger against it. Example:
- "Happy All The Time" Porcelain Teapot Sculpture - by Eileen Braun
Do you remember hearing the term Bone China? This is porcelain mixed with bone ash. It is said that if a plate is truly "bone china" you should be able to hold it up to the light and see your hand through it.
