In generations past, disagreements would occur between people facing each other, or at least via a telephone or even a letter. These incidents could be simple Political or social differences being voiced loudly between family and friends, or on personal grievances and religious dogmas. 

In today's world, this has "evolved" into posts online (with the plethora of platforms available), in which a person can take an anonymous identity, pretend to be someone else, engaging people with a viciousness that would more than likely not be visible if the parties concerned actually met face- to- face. Strangers can find ways to violate the privacy of their interlocutors, hacking into their medical or financial records, and even "dox" their ideological foes. If that was not bad enough, universities, companies and governments can (and often do) penalize individuals for expressing views contrary to their own, and, worse still, pressure individuals to vocalize "official" positions. The whole idea of freedom of thought and political expression drowns in a sea of water released by those who truly believe in a world-order that would make George Orwell cringe! We have seen this repeatedly in Western nations in the wake of recent Middle East violence. Comedians, musicians and a host of other non-political actors under pressure illustrate this very well.

Arguing with the stubborn

While some certainly have financial incentives to engage in arguments online, others do so out of a seemingly genuine conviction that their assertions are true, despite a plethora of evidence to the contrary. In the real world, we may end up in cycles of arguments with colleagues, relatives and even neighbors. The digital realm offers a certain amount of freedom of expression not experienced in the real world, especially with the ability to adopt nicknames and disguising of one's identity, yet there are also the dangers of inciting negative emotions in face-to-face encounters.

 وَّاِذَا خَاطَبَہُمُ الۡجٰہِلُوۡنَ قَالُوۡا سَلٰمًا 

The Qur'an says "and when the ignorant address you, say "peace"" (Q 25:63). The term "ignorant" (Al-Jaahiloon in this particular verse) has the following relevant meanings (1) Having qualities that do not demonstrate tolerance, intelligence and forbearance) (2) Lack of information and insight on the particular subject. (3) Behavior and disposition that display maturity.  The English term stubborn can be seen as an equivalent for the Arabic term Jaahil!

Arguing with the intelligent

Engaging with an intelligent interlocutor can have its rewards, such as them having the capacity to see your viewpoint (and you theirs), sharpening the presentation, and coming to a mutual understanding and positive conclusion.  However, even with this, it can delve into name-calling, emotional tirades and inappropriate retaliation. We must also recognize that those we may deem intelligent opponents also can operate from an insincere agenda, perhaps to provoke you into a statement or an action that would lead to unnecessary problems. Others may want to distract you from engaging in productive work. 

The Qur'an does say "Do not debate with people of scripture, except in ways that are best, unless it is with those among them who do injustice and say, "We believe in what has been sent to us, and what has been sent to you, our god and your god is one (and the same), and we are submissive to Him."{Q 29:46). This shows us that we should try to find common ground when we deliver our presentation. 

Qur'an has also told us not to ridicule the idols of the idolaters (Q 6:108) and not to engage with those who are making fun of us, at least until they turn to another subject (Q 4:140). These guidelines help us to maintain mutual respect in any discussion. 

Conclusion

Arguing just for the sake of arguing is largely unproductive. It wastes time and energy. If arguments are entered into, it should be with the right people, at the right place and the right time. We should share correct information when it is appropriate and do what we can to dispel slanders and false news. The workplace may not always be the best place to do that, and emotional replies tend to not produce positive results. 

When we do engage with those with different beliefs (be they political, religious or other), we should present well, with evidence and logic, yet. be prepared that for whatever reasons, they may leave the discussion with the same views that they entered into it. The Qur'an itself gives an entire chapter in recognition of this fact, ending with the words to those with differing theology "To you be your way (deen) and to me my way." (Q 109:6)