This question is inspired from a book I read called, My Stroke of Insight. A brain researcher suffered a stroke and suffered damage to her left hemisphere. She lost all sensation of separateness, where her limbs ended, etc. Her description sounds a lot like descriptions I have read from Buddhists.

We know that if you practice brain activities, corresponding neurons will be used, and improve, and grow, like a muscle. Through meditation, one can be practicing using their right brain in new ways, allowing new ways of perceiving. If you can leave behind the left-brain's rigid perception of boundaries and polarities, your perception could be vastly changed.

This need not diminish the truth of Buddhist practice, but could explain how we achieve better perception in a more concrete/scientific way.