In previous articles, we have discussed what is platform dependent, what is platform independent, independency in Java, independency in .NET, most beautiful feature of .NET is Language Independency (or) Interoperability, what is .NET and its languages, technologies, servers, etc, what is Framework and development of .NET framework, what are CLI specifications and its components. Please find below two links for accessing the articles
CSharp.NET Tutorial - Day 1
CSharp.NET Tutorial - Day 2
Now, in this article we will discuss what are .NET framework versions available and their features specific to version and also discuss the most important one in .NET is Common Language Runtime (CLR)
.NET Framework Versions
1) Microsoft has launched the first version of the .NET’s framework un-officially in the year 2000 as BETA1 (Trial version).
2) In the year 2001 it came out with BETA2 and officially it has launched the first RTM version of .NET’s framework in the year 2002.
VERSION | RELEASE DATE | VISUAL STUDIO |
1.0 | 13-2-2002 | VS.NET |
1.1 | 24-4-2003 | VS.NET 2003 |
2.0 | 07-11-2005 | VS.NET 2005 |
3.0 | 06-11-2006 | --- |
3.5 | 10-11-2007 | VS.NET 2008 |
4.0 | 12-04-2010 | VS.NET 2010 |
4.5 | 15-08-2012 | VS.NET 2012 |
1) Base class libraries are a set of library functionalities provided for all the .NET languages in common.
2) Win forms is used in the development of Graphical User Interface (GUI)
3) ASP.NET:- This is used for developing Web applications.
4) ADO.NET:- This is used in communication with databases from .NET applications.
5) WPF: - (Windows Presentation Foundation) this is also same as Win forms, but supports Graphics, Animations, 2D and 3D images (Not available in Win forms)
6) WCF: - (Windows Communication Foundation) this is used for developing Distributed application, that is Client server architecture.
7) WF: - (Windows WorkFlow Foundation) this is used for performing Tasks as activities on specific schedules
8) Card Space: - This is used for developing Digital Identifications within the application.
9) LINQ: - (Language Integrated Query) it is a new query language provided by Microsoft for communication with SQL server database, Arrays collections, XML files etc
10) ADO.NET framework entity is an extension for traditional ADO.NET.
11) PLINQ: - (Parallel Language Integrated Query) It is an extension for LINQ.
12) TPL: - (Task Parallel Library) this is a new architecture similar to the concept of Threading.
CLR (Common Language Runtime)
This is the code component of .NET’s framework Responsible in execution of a .NET application. It contains various things under it like
1) Security Manager: - Which is responsible for managing the security for applications.
2) Class Loader: - Responsible for loading the required libraries for the execution of application.
3) JIT compiler: - (Just In Time) It is responsible for converting IL code into Machine code, following a process known as conversion gradually during the programs execution.
4) Garbage Collector: - This is responsible for Automatic Memory Management. The process of allocation and deallocation of the memory is required for a program is known as Memory Management.
This is of two types
1) Manual (or) Explicit Memory Management
2) Automatic (or) Implicit Memory Management
In the first case programmers are responsible for allocation as well as deallocation of memory required for a program.
In the second case on behalf of the programmers Garbage collector will take care of Memory management implicitly (or) internally.
Garbage collector is responsible in performing the cleanup of unused objects in a program that is whenever it identifies unused objects treats as garbage and reclaims the memory allocated for that object.
Note: - Garbage collector was invented by JOHN McCarthy in the year 1959 to resolve the problems with Manual Memory Management.
5) Exception Manager: - This is responsible for managing the runtime errors that occur within a program.
CSharp.NET Tutorial - Day 4
CSharp.NET Tutorial - Day 4
This post first appeared on Dot Net Programming (C#, Asp.Net, ADO.Net, WCF, WPF, Ajax, LINQ), please read the originial post: here
