New Delhi, June 8, 2023, Thursday

Southwest Monsoon in India has reached the coast of Kerala. This time the monsoon has started a week late. Some meteorologists are of the opinion that there may be a disturbance in the monsoon as Bipper Joy Cyclone is taking shape. About 80 percent of the annual rainfall in India falls in the monsoon season. Monsoon has a good or bad effect on India's economy, so it is interesting to know how the monsoon is created, which is eagerly awaited by the common people and even the government.

In the Indian Ocean during the summer season, when the sun is above the equator, the sea temperature increases. Hence the surface temperature of the sea reaches 30 degrees. At that time the average temperature of the land area is from 40 to 45. Hence, moist monsoon air from the southern part of the Indian Ocean starts flowing towards India. Meanwhile, the temperature of most of the country is higher than the sea level.

Hence, the moist air from the sea accelerates towards the land. This air absorbs the particles in the ocean vapor and moves upward and falls as rain. As the southwest monsoon winds approach the coast of India, they naturally split into two. One branch leads to the Arabian Sea and the other to the Bay of Bengal. Moist air from the Arabian Sea moves towards Mumbai, Gujarat and Rajasthan. The Bay of Bengal split extends to Assam in the first week of June if conditions are favourable.

From the Bay of Bengal, it crosses West Bengal, Bihar and northeast to the Himalayas. As the Himalayas cross, the winds turn westward and spread over the Gangetic region of northern India. Meteorologists believe that if there were no Himalayas, the plains of North India would have been deprived of rain. This is why the Himalayas have a special place in people's life. Although the monsoon is often powerful towards the Arabian Sea, it is also weak towards the Bay of Bengal.

The two arms of the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal finally become one. The surprising thing is that monsoons sometimes come from the east in Delhi due to the southerly winds coming from the Bay of Bengal. In this way, the arrival of monsoon in India is not from Kerala but from Andaman Nicobar.

The first monsoon appears over these Drip groups in the second week of May. After that, around 1st of June, it reaches the shores of Kerala. India's west coast and northeast coastal states receive an average rainfall of 200 to 1000 cm. 80 percent of the total rainfall in India occurs in monsoon.