DJI Enterprise offers a range of products tailored for geospatial professionals. This article provides insights into the DJI Mavic 3 Enterprise, Matrice 350 (M350) RTK + Zenmuse L1, Matrice 350 RTK + Zenmuse P1, and Dji Terra. In this blog, you will find the answers to the most common questions about these productions, their specifications, and guidance on data processing to achieve process outcome. Let's start by looking at each solution's pros and cons.
DJI Mavic 3 Enterprise
The DJI Mavic 3 Enterprise Series stands out as a premier solution tailored for surveying and asset inspection tasks. Equipped with a mechanical shutter and a powerful 56× zoom camera, it ensures detailed imagery and centimetre-level precision, thanks to its integrated RTK module. This makes the Mavic 3E an indispensable asset for professionals seeking accurate mapping and efficient inspection workflows. While its core features cater to general aerial tasks, its thermal version further enhances its capabilities, proving invaluable for specialised inspections in challenging lighting conditions.
Advantages:
- Cost-effective, portable, and user-friendly.
- Superior to Phantom 4 Pro or Phantom 4 RTK in terms of portability and camera specs.
Disadvantages:
- Lower operational efficiency and pixel count compared to P1.
- Not ideal for large-scale operations.
DJI M350 RTK + Zenmuse L1
The DJI Zenmuse L1 is a groundbreaking integration of Livox LiDAR technology, a high-precision IMU, and a 1-inch CMOS camera, all housed on a 3-axis stabilised gimbal. Designed to work seamlessly with the Matrice 350 RTK and DJI Terra, the Zenmuse L1 offers a comprehensive aerial surveying solution. It delivers real-time 3D data throughout the day, adeptly capturing intricate details of complex structures. This results in highly accurate and detailed reconstructed models, making it an invaluable tool for professionals in the field.
Advantages:
- Adapts well to different lighting conditions and can model in environments with low texture.
- Efficient in capturing detailed structures and has a high modelling efficiency.
Disadvantages:
- Accuracy is somewhat dependent on the initial POS status.
- Further processing of data is needed using third-party software.
DJI M350 RTK + Zenmuse P1:
The DJI Zenmuse P1 stands as a pinnacle in aerial surveying technology, seamlessly integrating a full-frame sensor with interchangeable fixed-focus lenses, all mounted on a 3-axis stabilised gimbal. Specifically crafted for photogrammetry missions, the P1 promises unparalleled efficiency and precision. Its capabilities are further highlighted by its ability to cover 3 km² in a single flight, a 45 MP full-frame sensor, and the inclusion of features like Smart Oblique Capture and a global mechanical shutter. With TimeSync 2.0, synchronisation is achieved at the microsecond level, ensuring data accuracy and consistency.
Advantages:
- Supports various operation modes and has high operational efficiency.
- Offers high accuracy and a high pixel count.
Disadvantages:
- Struggles with night modelling or areas with low texture.
- Requires more GPU processing power compared to LiDAR.
Now we will look at answering some of the most frequently answered questions around these solutions, starting with the DJI Zenmuse L1.
Zenmuse L1
Can DJI Terra process LiDAR data using Ground Control Points (GCPs)?
Terra doesn't facilitate GCP integration for LiDAR data. For incorporating GCPs into L1 LiDAR data, consider utilising third-party tools like TerraSolid UAV software.
Besides LAS, what are the other data output formats for the Zenmuse L1?
PCD, PLY, PNTS, S3MB
Can L1 raw data be processed without linking to RTK? Is it possible to process Zenmuse L1 raw data from a standard GPS flight?
L1 raw data can be processed without an RTK link. Yet, to ensure accurate processing and point cloud file output in DJI Terra, it's essential to include a base station observation file (be it Rinex, RTCM, OEM, or UBX) in the L1 raw data folder alongside the other raw data. This method is termed post-process kinematic (PPK).
For a detailed understanding of this procedure, consult the operation manual, particularly on page 11: [DJI L1 Operation Guidebook V1.2] (https://dl.djicdn.com/downloads/Zenmuse_L1/20230420/DJI_L1_Operation_Guidebook_V1.2.pdf).
Can you combine data from multiple Zenmuse L1 flights into one point cloud using DJI Terra?
Using Terra, you can upload several raw data sets from L1 flights, select the "Merged Output" option, and consolidate the point cloud into a single LAS file.
What's the difference between single, double and triple return, and what are the optimal ways to utilise them?
Return/Echo Mode: This signifies the LiDAR's capability to capture multiple returns from a single laser light pulse.
In single return mode, the LiDAR emits one laser pulse and can capture a maximum of one return. The double return mode allows the LiDAR to capture up to two returns from a single laser pulse. Meanwhile, the triple return mode enables the LiDAR to gather up to three returns for each emitted laser pulse.
For tasks that only require surface details or a Digital Surface Model (DSM), the single return mode is adequate. But for applications like forest surveys, where canopy penetration and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data are essential, it's preferable to use the double or triple return modes.
Is it possible to attach the Zenmuse L1 to the dual downward or upward gimbal of the M350/M300 RTK?
No, the Zenmuse L1 is exclusively designed for the single downward gimbal of the M300/M350 RTK. Mounting it on the dual downward or upward gimbal would alter its predefined position, potentially compromising its accuracy.
Zenmuse P1
Is the Zenmuse X7 lens compatible with the Zenmuse P1?
The Zenmuse P1 is compatible with the 24mm, 35mm, and 50mm lenses from the Zenmuse X7. However, the 16mm lens isn't suitable for the P1 because of the sensor size.
After appropriate calibration, the accuracy will align with survey-grade standards. You can utilise the DJI Terra software for initial calibration and to update the lens parameters. The calibration procedure is detailed below.
Is the Zenmuse X7 lens compatible with the Zenmuse P1?
The Zenmuse P1 is compatible with the 24mm, 35mm, and 50mm lenses from the Zenmuse X7. However, the 16mm lens isn't suitable for the P1 because of the sensor size.
After appropriate calibration, the accuracy will align with survey-grade standards. You can utilise the DJI Terra software for initial calibration and to update the lens parameters. The calibration procedure is detailed below.
DJI Terra
Is there software that can process drone photos for photogrammetry, transforming them into 2D maps or 3D models?
DJI Terra software can produce a digital surface model (DSM) and a true digital orthophoto map (TDOM) in geotiff format, as well as 3D mesh or point cloud representations.
Which software would you suggest for converting images into an orthophoto map and generating digital surface models?
DJI Terra or Pix4Dmatic
What precautions should I take before processing drone images in DJI Terra?
Before flying, check the camera settings in DJI Terra to ensure the "mechanical shutter" is activated and the "dewarping" feature is turned off.
For PPK users, verify the accuracy of your image position data. If you're using RTK, no further adjustments are needed for the photos.
What customisation options are available for drone image data in Terra?
In Terra, users don't have the capability to alter colour concentration, exposure, or similar attributes. The primary adjustment available is to the image's POS data, which encompasses coordinate systems and Euler angles. That said, DJI Terra does offer enhancements like haze reduction, water surface refinement, and light uniformity to elevate the quality of the reconstructed output.
How can one reduce the chances of capturing blurred images during a drone flight?
To mitigate the risk of obtaining blurred photos, it's advisable to:
- Set the shutter speed to over 1/500s.
- Activate the mechanical shutter.
- Keep the ISO on automatic.
- Make necessary aperture adjustments.
Is the photo's metadata field inclusive of GPS/IMU information?
Absolutely. For a comprehensive understanding of the XMP metadata field, you can refer to pages 22-23 of our P1 manual: Zenmuse_P1_UserManual_EN_v1.2_3.pdf](https://djicdn.com).
Does DJI Terra allow for the calibration or classification of LiDAR data?
DJI Terra primarily supports ground classification. However, it's equipped with rudimentary tools that help in noise reduction and point cloud thinning.
Is the trajectory data for Zenmuse L1 stored distinctly from the LAS point cloud?
Indeed, the Zenmuse L1 trajectory data is saved separately and can be found as “sbet.out” within the Terra project's result directory.
Does the Zenmuse L1 LiDAR sensor's RGB camera produce a colourised point cloud?
While capturing raw point cloud data, the Zenmuse L1 can simultaneously take photos. These images can be utilised for either photogrammetry processing or for colourising the point cloud.
When Terra processes the data into a LAS point cloud, which version is it, LAS v1.2 or v1.4?
LAS v1.2.
Could you guide me on the best practices for using the Zenmuse L1?
For a comprehensive workflow, please consult our L1 Operations Guidebook, which is accessible on the L1 Downloads page.
Summary
DJI Enterprise continues to set the benchmark in the geospatial sector, offering a suite of advanced tools tailored for professionals in aerial surveying and mapping. From the compact yet powerful DJI Mavic 3 Enterprise to the precision-driven capabilities of the Zenmuse L1 and P1, DJI ensures that geospatial tasks are executed with unparalleled efficiency and accuracy. Coupled with the robust DJI Terra software, these innovations not only streamline operations but also open up new possibilities in the realm of aerial data collection and analysis. As the industry evolves, DJI's commitment to excellence and innovation remains evident, solidifying its position as a leader in the geospatial domain.
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