Rivers are abundant in India and play an important role in the country’s growth. Himalayan, peninsular, marine, and inland-drainage basin rivers represent the different types of rivers in India. Many of these rivers are considered sacred and play a crucial role in the lives of the Indian people. The Ganges (Ganga), Brahmaputra, and Yamuna are among the most well-known rivers in India.

Rivers in India flow from east to west, including the Narmada, Mahi, and Tapti Rivers. This river information is provided to help you better understand the Indian River Map.

Major Himalayan River systems:

• The Indus River System
• The Ganga River System
• The Yamuna River System
• The Brahmaputra River System

Major Peninsular River Systems:

• Mahanadi
• Godavari
• Krishna
• Cauvery

For many people across India, river systems provide essential resources such as irrigation, potable water, cost-effective transportation, power, and livelihoods. The River Map of India illustrates the country’s river system, which consists of seven primary rivers and their various tributaries. Water from the largest river basin in the country flows into the Bay of Bengal. However, some rivers in the western part of India, as well as those in the state of Himachal Pradesh in the east, empty into the Arabian Sea. Inland drainage areas are found in parts of Ladakh, the northern Aravalli range, and the arid Thar Desert.

The Ganga: Hindus consider the Ganga the holiest of rivers, even though it is ironically one of the most polluted. Its contamination not only endangers humans but also various aquatic species. Following the Ganga, the Godavari is India’s second-longest river, forming one of the nation’s largest river basins.

Indus River: The Indus River played a significant role in the development of one of the oldest human civilizations, the Indus Valley Civilization, making it of historical importance. Moreover, the term ‘India’ finds its roots in the name of the Indus River. Pakistan controls 93 percent of the river, India 5 percent, and China 2 percent. In Greek and Latin, the Indus River’s region is known as ‘India.’

The Yamuna: Also known as the Jamuna, the Yamuna originates from the Yamunotri Glacier in the uppermost region of the Lower Himalayas. As the largest tributary of the Ganges, the Yamuna forms natural state boundaries between Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand.

The Brahmaputra River: Known as the Assam Life Line, the Brahmaputra is a significant river for irrigation and transportation, originating at the Angsi Glacier. It enters India in Arunachal Pradesh and flows through Assam, forming Majuli, the world’s largest river island.

Mahanadi: The name Mahanadi is a combination of the Sanskrit terms ‘maha’ meaning ‘great’ and ‘nadi’ meaning ‘water.’ It is the most important river in the states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha, with its waters mainly used for irrigation and drinking. It is also known as Odisha’s Ruin, partly due to devastating floods in the past, which were mitigated after the construction of the Hirakud Dam.

Indian Rivers System

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