Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh is around 2600 km. away from our capital and consists of 0.11% population of India. It is a state with remarkable natural beauty and that is why quite a breath-taking place for a tour. The state is also known as the ‘Land of the Rising Sun”.
| Topic | Data/Facts |
| 1 History | 1.1 Part of Arunachal Pradesh was annexed by the Ahom kings of Assam in the 16th century. 1.2 Arunachal Pradesh became a Union Territory on 21st January, 1972. 1.3 It became a state on 20th February, 1987. 1.4 Arunachal Pradesh means Land of the Dawn-Lit Mountains, which is the sobriquet for the state in Sanskrit. |
| 2 Geography | 2.1 Climate: (i) The climate of Arunachal Pradesh varies with elevation. (ii) The low-altitude areas have a Humid subtropical climate. High-altitude areas (3500–5500 m) have a subtropical highland climate and alpine climate. 2.2 Agriculture: (i) Some major crops of Arunachal Pradesh are paddy, millet, wheat, pulses, potatoes, sugarcane, oilseeds, and maize. (ii) The agriculture in Arunachal Pradesh also comprise of production of few endemic vegetables such as sweet potatoes, brinjal, ginger, chillies, pumpkin, cucumber, and local cow pea. (iii) Fruit cultivation is also practiced in the agricultural sector of Arunachal Pradesh. The fruits that are cultivated include pineapple, apple, oranges, lemon, lichi, papaya, banana, plum, guava, cherries, peach walnut, and almond. (iv) Rice is the chief food crop in Arunachal Pradesh. 2.3 Natural Resources: (i) Among its resources for generating energy are rivers, coal, and petroleum. (ii) In addition to hydrocarbons, other mineral resources of Arunachal Pradesh include dolomite, quartzite, limestone, and marble. 2.4 Major rivers: The major rivers of the state are the Brahmaputra and its tributaries—the Dibang [Sikang], Lohit, Subansiri, Kameng, and Tirap. Some Important facts of Rivers The Brahmaputra (known as the Tsangpo in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China and as the Dihang [Siang] in Arunachal Pradesh) flows eastward from Mansarovar Lake in Tibet before dipping south through the Himalayas into north-central Arunachal Pradesh. 2.5 Animals: (i) The major animal species are Tiger, Leopard, snow leopard, Asian elephant, Sambhar deer, Chital deer, Barking deer, Sloth bear, Mithuna(Bos frontalis), Gaur, Dhole, Giant squirrel,Marbled cat, Leopard cat. (ii) A new subspecies of hoolock gibbon has been described from the state which has been named as the Mishmi Hills hoolock gibbon. (iii) Three new giant flying squirrels were also described from the state during the last one and half-decade. These were, Mechuka giant flying squirrel, Mishmi Hills giant flying squirrel, and Mebo giant flying squirrel. 2.6 Neighbouring States: Assam and Nagaland – South Bhutan – West Myanmar – East China – North 2.7 Capital city: Itanagar (The largest city) 2.8 Total Land Area: (i) Total area is 83,743 sq. km. (ii) 14th largest state in India. 2.9 Other Important Facts: Arunachal Pradesh is the largest state among the seven sisters state of North-East India. |
| 3 Forestry | 3.1 Forest: (i) Forest Cover: 66,687.78 sq. km. (ii) Very Dense Forest: 21,095.43 sq. km. (iii) Moderately Dense Forest: 30,556.50 sq. km. (iv) Open Forest: 15,035.85 sq. km. (Data as per ISFR 2019 assessment) 3.2 National Parks: (i) Mouling National Park, Siang (ii) Namdapha National Park, Miao 3.3 Wild Life Sanctuary: (i) D’Ering Memorial Wildlife Sanctuary, Pasighat (ii) Itanagar Wildlife Sanctuary, Itanagar (iii) Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary, Lower Dibang (iv) Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary, West Kameng (v) Sessa Orchid Sanctuary, West Kameng (vi) Kamlang Wildlife Sanctuary, Lohit (vii) Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary, Dibang (viii) Kane Wildlife Sanctuary, Siang (ix) Talley Valley Wildlife Sanctuary, Ziro (x) Yordi Rabe Supse Wildlife Sanctuary, West Siang 3.4 Tiger Reserves: (i) Pakke Tiger Reserve, Pakke Kessang (ii) Kamlang Tiger Reserve, Lohit |
| 4 Economy | 4.1 Major Economic Data: (i) GDP Growth: 10.1% between 2015-16 and 2020-21 (ii) GDP: Rs. 299.74 lakh crore (US$ 4.25 billion) in 2020-21 (iii) GDP Rank: 18th (iv) Per Capita Income: 118,148 INR 4.2 Industries: Major industries are as under: – (i) The state’s manufacturing sector consists primarily of medium- and small-scale industries. Basketry, weaving, and carpets are the main handicraft manufactures. (ii) Smaller-scale industries include rice and vegetable-oil milling, fruit processing, the manufacture of forest-based products, and steel fabrication. (iii) Sericulture (raw silk production) also is important, and the state produces many varieties of silk yarns. |
| 5 Transportation | 5.1 Air, Railway and Roads are the major transportation means of Arunachal Pradesh. 5.2 Other Important facts: (i) The main highway of Arunachal Pradesh is the Trans-Arunachal Highway, National Highway 13 (1,293 km (803 mi). (ii) State-owned Arunachal Pradesh State Transport Services (APSTS) runs daily bus service from Itanagar to most district headquarters including Tezpur, Guwahati in Assam, Shillong in Meghalaya, and Dimapur in Nagaland. 5.3 Major Railway Stations (i) Gumto (ii) Naharlagun (iii) Bhalukpong 5.4 Major Air Ports: Domestic Airports: Pasighat Airport Indian Air Force Stations: (i) Mechuka Advanced Landing Ground (ii) Tawang Air Force Station (iii) Tuting Advanced Landing Ground (iv) Walong Advanced Landing Groun |
| 6 Infrastructures | 6.1 Power installed Capacity: (i) Total Power: 657.94 MW (ii) Thermal: 83.87 MW (iii) Nuclear: 0 (iv) Hydro: 437.35 MW (v) Renewable Energy Source: 136.72 MW |
| 7 Census and Demography | 7.1 Demographic Data: (i) Population: 1,383,727 (13.84 Lakhs) (ii) Male: 713,912 (iii) Female: 669,815 (iv) Gender Ratio: 938 females per 1000 males (v) Population Growth: 26.03% (vi) Percentage of total population of the country: 0.11% (vii) Density: 17/sq. km. (viii) Rural Population: 1,066,358 (77.06%) (ix) Urban Population: 317,369 (22.94%) (x) 27th most populous state in India (Based on 2011 census) 7.2 Major Religion followers: (i) Hinduism: 401,876 (29.04%) (ii) Christianity: 418,732 (30.26%) (iii) Islam: 27,045 (1.95%) (iv) Jainism: 771 (0.06%) (v) Buddhism: 162,815 (11.77%) (vi) Sikhism: 3,287 (0.24%) (Based on 2011 census) |
| 8 Culture | 8.1 Literature: Literary work is majorly found under categories: (i) Adi (ii) English (iii) Assamese 8.2 Major Poets & Authors: (i) Rita Chowdhury (ii) Mamang Dai (iii) Dibang (iv) Yeshe Dorjee Thongchi (v) Tamo Mibang 8.3 Major Festivals: (i) Solung of Adis (ii) Losar of Monpas and Sherdukpens (iii) Torgya of Monpas (iv) Dree of Apatanis (v) Murung of Apatanis (vi) Mopin of Galos (vii) Chalo Loku of Noctes (viii) Si-donyi of Tagins (ix) Nyokum of Nyishis (x) Reh of Idu Mishmis (xi) Sangken of Tai Khamti 8.4 Folk Dance: (i) Aji Lamu (ii) Chalo (iii) Hiirii Khaniing (iv) Lion and Peacock Dance (v) Pasi Kongki (vi) Ponung (vii) Popir (viii) Buiya (ix) Wancho (x) Bardo Chham 8.5 Major Religious Places: (i) Bomdila Monastery (ii) Rigyalling Monastery (iii) Tawang Monastery (iv) Tawang Taktshang Monastery (v) Urgelling Monastery (vi) Golden Pagoda, Namsai (vii) Malinithan (viii) Parshuram Kund (ix) Rangnuwk hum (x) Tezu Jama Mosque |
| 9 Education | 9.1 State Literacy Data: (i) Total: 766,005 (65.38%) (ii) Male: 439,868 (72.55%) (iii) Female: 326,137 (57.70%) 9.2 Major Universities: (i) Arunachal University of Studies, Namsai (ii) Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar (iii) Himalayan University, Itanagar (iv) Apex Professional University, Pasighat (v) Indira Gandhi Technological and Medical Sciences University, Ziro (vi) North East Frontier Technical University, Aalo (vii) Arunodaya University, Itanagar 9.3 Major Institutions: (i) NIT Yupia (ii) North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Itanagar |
| 10 Tourism | 10.1 Tourism is one of the most important industries in Arunachal Pradesh because of its natural beauty. 10.2 Major Tourist Spots: (i) Bomdila Monastery (ii) Rigyalling Monastery (iii) Tawang Monastery (iv) Tawang Taktshang Monastery (v) Urgelling Monastery (vi) Dibang Dam (vii) Ranganadi Dam (viii) Subansiri Lower Dam (ix) Upper Siang Hydroelectric Project (x) Jawaharlal Nehru Museum, Itanagar (xi) Ita Fort (xii) Lumla (xiii) Palin (xiv) Tawang (xv) Ziro (xvi) olden Pagoda, Namsai (xvii) Malinithan (xviii) Parshuram Kund (xix) Rangnuwk hum (xx) Tezu Jama Mosque (xxi) Bap Teng Kang Waterfall (xxii) Nuranang Falls |
| 11 Sports | 11.1 State Game: Mountain-Climbing and Football are the major sports in Arunachal Pradesh. 11.3 International Players from the state: Football: (i) Wangnia Pongte (ii) Gumpe Rime (iii) Techi Tatra Mountain-Climbing: (i) Anshu Jamsenpa (ii) Tapi Mra Karate: Pacha Nobin Jomoh |
| 12 Governance & Administrative Divisions | 12.1 Administrative divisions: (i) Number of Districts: 25 (ii) Number of Tehsils: 149 (iii) Number of Police Stations: 132 (iv) Number of Urban Towns: 27 (v) Number of Villages: 4,065 12.2 Official Languages: English (Based on census-2011) 12.3 Constituent Facts: (i) Number of Assembly seats: 60 (ii) Number of Parliament seats: 2 (iii) Number of Rajya Sabha Seats: 1 (iv) Number of Gram Panchayats: 97 (v) Legislature: Unicameral 12.4 Chief Minister: Pema Khandu First Chief Minister: Prem Khandu Thungan (1975) 12.5 Governor: B. D. Mishra First Governor: Bhishma Narain Singh (1987) 12.6 Judiciary: The Guwahati High Court was promulgated by governor general of India on 1 March 1948 after the Government of India Act 1935 was passed. Establishing the High Court of Assam with effect from 5 April 1948, for the then Province of Assam. It was originally known as the High Court of Assam and Nagaland, but renamed as Gauhati High Court in 1971 by the North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971. (i) Number of Judges: 24 (ii) (Permanent: 18Addl: 6) (iii) Judge Retirement Age: 62 |
| 13 Other Important facts | 13.1 UNESCO World Heritage Sites: (i) Namdapha National Park (Proposed) (ii) Apatani Cultural Landscape (Proposed) (iii) Thembang Fortified Village (Proposed) 13.2 GI Tags: (i) Arunachal Orange (ii) Idu Mishmi Textiles 13.3 Number of Archaeological Sites: (i) Bhismaknagar (ii) Gomsi (iii) Ita Fort (iv) Sadiya 13.4 State Symbols: State Animal: Gayal State Bird: Hornbill State Fish: Golden Mahseer State Flower: Foxtail Orchid State Tree: Hollong |
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