Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh is around 1900 km. away from Delhi and consists of 6.99% population of India. It is the state with the famous diamond, Koh-i-Noor. So it has become an important region in terms of natural resources in all these years. That is the reason it has national importance. Apart from this, some distinguishing features of the place include its delicacies, melodious music, rock-n-roll dance moves, free-spirited people and their creative bent of mind.
| Topic | Data/Facts |
| 1 History | 1.1 It was founded on 1st November, 1956. 1.2 It was the first state formed on linguistic basis. The language here is Telugu. 1.3 Being the major rice producer in India, this state is called “The Rice Bowl of India”. 1.4 It is the land of diamonds and the famous Koh-i-Noor. 1.5 Previously this state was known as Buddhist pilgrimage and learning centre. |
| 2 Geography | 2.1 Climate: (i) The climate of Andhra Pradesh varies depending on the geographical region. (ii) Summers last from March to June with temperature ranging between 20 and 41 °C (68 and 106 °F). (iii) July to September is the season for tropical rains. (iv) October and November see low-pressure systems and tropical cyclones form in the Bay of Bengal which, along with the northeast monsoon, bring rains to the southern and coastal regions of the state. (v) November, December, January, and February are the winter months in Andhra Pradesh. The range of winter temperature is generally 12 to 30 °C (54 to 86 °F). 2.2 Agriculture: (i) Andhra Pradesh is one of the leading rice-growing states in the country and is a major producer of India’s tobacco. (ii) Other agricultural commodities grown statewide include other cereal grains, pulses (peas, beans, and lentils), peanuts (groundnuts), corn (maize), and cotton. (iii) Livestock raising contributes roughly half as much in overall value as crop production. (iv) Animals raised include cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats, pigs, and poultry. Dairy and egg production have grown dramatically. (v) With its long coastline and many rivers, the state has a significant and expanding fishing industry. (vi) The woodlands of Andhra Pradesh annually yield high-quality timber, such as teak and eucalyptus. Non-timber forest products—including sal seeds (from which an edible oil is extracted), tendu leaves (for rolling cigarettes), gum karaya (a type of emulsifier), and bamboo. 2.3 Natural Resources: (i) The diamond mines of Golconda were once renowned worldwide for producing the Koh-i-Noor diamond and other famous stones. (ii) Among the state’s principal mineral resources are asbestos, mica, manganese, barite, and high-grade coal. Low-grade iron ore is found in the southern parts of the state. Andhra Pradesh produces a major share of the country’s barite. (iii) In the early 21st century, large deposits of natural gas were discovered onshore and offshore in the basins of the Godavari and Krishna rivers. (iv) Andhra Pradesh occupies the 2nd rank in the deposit and production of mica in India. 2.4 Major Rivers: Rivers drain into Bay of Bengal: Godavari, Krishna, Vamsadhara, Pennar, Palar and Nagavali. Some Important facts of Rivers Godavari river branches to Vasistha and Gautami rivers before meeting the Bay of Bengal. It flows through 6 different states. 2.5 Animals: (i) The major animals are tigers, panthers, hyenas, black bucks, cheetals, sambars, sea turtles and a number of birds and reptiles. (ii) The estuaries of the Godavari and Krishna rivers support rich mangrove forests with fishing cats and otters as keystone species. 2.6 Neighbouring States: Telangana – North-West Chhattisgarh – North Odisha – North-East Tamil Nadu – South Karnataka – West Bay of Bengal – East 2.7 Capital city: Vishakhapatnam (Executive and largest city) Amaravati (Legislative) Kurnool (Judicial) 2.8 Total Land Area: (i) Total area is 162,975 sq. km. (ii) 7th largest state in India. |
| 3 Forestry | 3.1 Forest: (i) Forest Cover: 29,137.40 sq. km. (ii) Very Dense Forest: 1,994.22 sq. km. (iii) Moderately Dense Forest: 13,938.36 sq. km. (iv) Open Forest: 13,204.82 sq. km. (Data as per ISFR 2019 assessment) 3.2 National Parks: (i) Sri Venkateswara National Park, Tirupati (ii) Rajiv Gandhi National Park, Proddatur 3.3 Wild Life Sanctuary: (i) Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary, Kakinada (ii) Gundla Brahmeswaram Wildlife Sanctuary, Nandyal (iii) Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary, Vishakhapatnam (iv) Koundinya Wildlife Sanctuary, Chittoor (v) Kolleru Wildlife Sanctuary, Kolleru (vi) Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary, Machilipatnam (vii) Nagarjuna Sagar-Srisailam Wildlife Sanctuary, Kurnool (viii) Nellapattu Wildlife Sanctuary, Nelapattu (ix) Pulicat Lake Wildlife Sanctuary, Attakanitippa (x) Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary, Rollapadu (xi) Sri Lankamalleswara Wildlife Sanctuary, Kadapa (xii) Sri Penusila Narasimha Wildlife Sanctuary, Nellore 3.4 Birds Sanctuary: (i) Atapaka Bird Sanctuary, Kolleru (ii) Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary, Nellore (iii) Telineelapuram and Telukunchi Bird Sanctuaries, Srikakulam (iv) Pulicat lake Bird Sanctuary, Nellore 3.5 Zoological Parks: Indira Gandhi Zoological Park, Vishakhapatnam |
| 4 Economy | 4.1 Major Economic Data: (i) GDP Growth: 9.33% (ii) GDP: ₹11.05 lakh crore (US$150 billion) (2020–21) (iii) GDP Rank: 9th (iv) Per Capita Income: ₹169,519 (US$2,400) (2019–20) 4.2 Industries: Major industries are as under: – (i) Automobiles and Auto components Industry, spices, mines and minerals, Textiles and apparels, IT industry, Bulk drugs and pharmaceuticals, horticulture, poultry farming are the main industries in Andhra Pradesh. (ii) The state has 39 operational special economic zones (SEZs). There are 272 Industrial estates and industrial development areas in the State, covering an area of 14700 hectares. (iii) Sricity located in Chittoor district is an integrated business city which is home to firms including PepsiCo, Isuzu Motors, Cadbury India, Kellogg’s, Colgate-Palmolive, Kobelco etc. |
| 5 Transportation | 5.1 The state is well connected to other states through road and rail networks. It is also connected to other countries by means of airways and seaports as well. With a long seacoast along the Bay of Bengal, it also has many ports for sea trade. 5.2 Other Important facts: (i) The state has one of the largest railway junctions at Vijayawada and one of the largest seaports at Visakhapatnam. (ii) The state has a total road network of 53,403 km (33,183 mi), of which 6,401 km (3,977 mi) of National highways, 14,722 km (9,148 mi) of state highways and 32,280 km (20,060 mi) of district roads. (iii) It also forms part of AH 45 which comes under the Asian Highway Network. (iv) The state government owned Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (APSRTC) is the major public bus transport, which runs thousands of buses connecting different parts of the state. Pandit Nehru Bus Station (PNBS) in Vijayawada is one of the largest bus terminals in Asia. (v) Visakhapatnam has been declared the cleanest railway station in the country. (vi) The railway station of Shimiliguda was the first highest broad gauge railway station in the country. 5.3 Major Railway Stations (i) Vijayawada Junction (ii) Vishakhapatnam Junction (iii) Tirupati (iv) Rajamundry (v) Ongole (vi) Gundur Junction (vii) Nellore (viii) Eluru (ix) Tenali Junction (x) Anantapur (xi) Guntur Junction (xii) Samalkot Junction (xiii) Kadapa (xiv) Srikakulam Road (xv) Kakinada Town Junction 5.4 Major Air Ports: International Airports: (i) Visakhapatnam Airport (ii) Vijayawada Airport (iii) Tirupati Airport Domestic Airports: (i) Kadapa Airport (ii) Rajahmundry Airport (iii) Uyyalawada Narasimha Reddy Airport, Kurnool |
| 6 Infrastructures | 6.1 Power installed Capacity: (i) Total Power: 25251.17 MW (ii) Thermal: 14688.2 MW (iii) Nuclear: 127.27 MW (iv) Hydro: 1673.60 MW (v) Renewable Energy Source: 8762.09 MW |
| 7 Census and Demography | 7.1 Demographic Data: (i) Population: 84,580,777 (ii) Male: 42,442,146 (iii) Female: 42,138,631 (iv) Gender Ratio: 993 females per 1000 males (v) Population Growth: 10.98% (vi) Percentage of total population of the country: 6.99% (vii) Density: 308/sq. km. (viii) Rural Population: 56,361,702 (ix) Urban Population: 28,219,075 (x) 10th most populous state in India (Based on 2011 census) 7.2 Major Religion followers: (i) Hinduism: 74,824,149 (88.46%) (ii) Christianity: 1,129,784 (1.34%) (iii) Islam: 8,082,412 (9.56%) (iv) Jainism: 53,849 (0.06%) (v) Buddhism: 36,692 (0.04%) (vi) Sikhism: 40,244 (0.05%) (Based on 2011 census) |
| 8 Culture | 8.1 Literature: Literary work is majorly found under categories: (i) Sanskrit (ii) Telugu 8.2 Major Poets & Authors: (i) Vempalli Gangadhar (ii) Mah Laqa Bai (iii) Kasinathuni Viswanath (iv) Bhandaru Acchamamba (v) Malati Chandoor (vi) Venkatesh Kulkarni (vii) Pothana (viii) Kishen Pershad (ix) Sarojini Naidu (x) Bellary Raghava (xi) Jayaprakash Narayan (xii) Swara Veenapani (xiii) Tanikella Bharani (xiv) Annamacharya 8.3 Major Festivals: (i) Ugadi (ii) Sri Rama Navami (iii) Ekadasi (iv) Flamingo Festival (v) Vinayaka Chavithi (vi) Peerla Panduga (vii) Bhogi 8.4 Folk Dance: (i) Kuchipudi (ii) Bhamakalpam (iii) Veeranatyam (iv) Dappu (v) Tappeta Gullu (vi) Vilasini Natyam (vii) Lambadi (viii) Dhimsa (ix) Kolattam (x) Butta Bommalu 8.5 Major Religious Places: (i) Tirumala Temple, Tirupati, Chittoor (ii) Simhachalam Temple, Vishakhapatnam (iii) Annavaram Temple, East Godavari (iv) Srisailam Temple, Srisailam (v) Kanaka Durga Temple, Vijayawada (vi) Amaravati (vii) Srikalahasti (viii) Shahi Jamia Masjid, Adoni (ix) Gunadala Church, Vijayawada (x) Buddhist centres, Amaravati (xi) Nagarjuna Konda, Guntur 8.6 Other important facts about literature: Telugu literature is one of the oldest Dravidian literature in India. |
| 9 Education | 9.1 State Literacy Data: (i) Total: 50,556,760 (67.02%) (ii) Male: 28,251,243 (74.88%) (iii) Female: 22,305,517 (59.15%) 9.2 Major Universities: (i) Andhra University, Visakhapatnam (ii) Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur (iii) K L University, Vaddeswaram (iv) Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada (v) Dr. N.T.R. University of Health Sciences, Vijayawada (vi) Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Anantapur (vii) Vignan University, Guntur (viii) Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati (ix) Krishna University, Machilipatnam (x) Dravidian University, Kuppam (xi) Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati (xii) Central University of Andhra Pradesh, Anantapur (xiii) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar University, Etcherla 9.3 Major Institutions: (i) IIM Vishakhapatnam (ii) Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management, Visakhapatnam (iii) Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati (iv) Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Anantapur (v) Indian Institute of Information Technology, Sri City (vi) School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada (vii) Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeetha,Tirupati |
| 10 Tourism | 10.1 Andhra Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation (APTDC) is a state government agency which promotes tourism in Andhra Pradesh, describing the state as the Koh-i-Noor of India. Andhra Pradesh has a variety of tourist attractions including beaches, hills, caves, wildlife, forests and temples. 10.2 Major Tourist Spots: (i) Baruva Beach (ii) Kalingapatnam Beach (iii) Mandasa Fort (iv) Mahendragiri Hill (v) Clock Tower of Bheemunipatnam (vi) Dutch Cemetery of Bheemunipatnam (vii) St Peters Church (Red Church) of Bheemunipatnam (viii) Borra Caves (ix) Anantagiri Hills (x) Araku Valley (xi) Pulicat lake, Nellore (xii) Tirumala Venkateswara Temple, Tirupati |
| 11 Sports | 11.1 State Game: Sports such as kho kho, kabaddi is played mostly in Andhra Pradesh.Most sports players from Andhra pradesh represent national level competitions and very few international competitions. 11.2 Major Stadium: (i) Dr. Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy International Cricket Stadium, Vishakhapatnam (ii) Indira Gandhi Stadium, Vijayawada (iii) YS Raja Reddy Stadium, Kadapa (iv) NTR Stadium, Gudivada 11.3 International Players from the state: Cricket: (i) MV Narsimha Rao (ii) VVS Laxman (iii) Ambati Rayudu (iv) Venugopal Rao Weight Lifting: (i) Karnam Malleswari (ii) Dandamudi Rajagopal Rao Badminton: (i) Pullela Gopichand (ii) Prakash Padukone (iii) Chetan Anand |
| 12 Governance & Administrative Divisions | 12.1 Administrative divisions: (i) Number of Districts: 13 (ii) Number of Tehsils: 664 (iii) Number of Urban Towns: 104 (iv) Number of Villages: 28,123 12.2 Official Languages: (i) Telugu (Based on census-2011) 12.3 Constituent Facts: (i) Number of Assembly seats: 175 (ii) Number of Rajyasabha seats : 11 (ii) Number of Parliament seats: 25 (iii) Number of Gram panchayat: 13371 12.4 Chief Minister: YS Jaganmohan Reddy (17th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh) 12.4.1 1st Chief Minister : T. Prakasam (01/01/1953 to 15/11/1954) 12.5 Governor: 12.5.1 1st Governor : Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi ( 01/10/1953 to 01/08/1957) Biswabhusan Harichandan (23rd Governor of Andhra Pradesh) 12.6 Judiciary: (i) High Court of Andhra Pradesh was established on 1st January, 2019. (ii) Number of Judges: 37 (iii) Judge Retirement Age: 62 |
| 13 Other Important facts | 13.1 Major Archeological Sites of Andhra Pradesh (i) Bavikonda (ii) Erravaram Caves (iii) Jwalapuram (iv) BojjannaKonda (v) Pavurallakonda (vi) Dharanikota (vii) Salihundam (viii) Thottlakonda 13.2 GI Tags: (i) Srikalahasti Kalamkari (ii) Kondapalli Bommallu (iii) Budithi Bell and Brass Craft (iv) Pedana Kalamkari (v) Tholu bommalata (vi) Tirupati Laddu (vii) Uppada Jamdani Sari (viii) Guntur Sannam (ix) Venkatagiri Sari (x) Mangalagiri Sarees and Fabrics (xi) Bobbili Veena (xii) Dharmavaram handloom pattu sarees and paavadas (xiii) Bandar laddu (xiv) Durgi stone carvings (xv) Attic toy (xvi) Udayagiri wooden utensils (xvii) Allagadda Stone Carving (xviii) Araku Valley Arabica Coffee (xix) Banganapalle Mangoes 13.3 State Symbols: State Animal: Blackbuck State Dance: Kuchipudi State Bird: Rose-Ringed Parakeet State Fish: Mudfish State Flower: Jasmine State Fruit: Mango State Tree: Neem State Sports: Kabaddi |
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