As the warmer months draw near, we must discuss the protective measures we should all consider to safeguard our Skin from harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays. The term “ultraviolet” means “beyond violet”, referencing its position beyond the violet end of the visible light spectrum, discovered in 1801 by German physicist Johann Wilhelm Ritter. UV light, or more accurately, UV radiation from the sun, can cause significant damage to our skin, leading to premature ageing and skin cancer.

Understanding UV Radiation and Its Effects

UV radiation is divided into two main types: UVA and Uvb Rays. UVB rays are the primary cause of sunburn and play a significant role in developing skin cancer. They affect the outer layer of the skin but do not penetrate deeply. On the other hand, UVA rays can penetrate deeper into the skin, leading to accelerated ageing and also contributing to skin cancer risk.

When selecting sunscreen, look for products labelled “broad spectrum”. This designation ensures that sunscreen protects against UVA and UVB rays. Adequate protection is not just a recommendation; it’s necessary to prevent DNA damage in skin cells that can lead to mutations and cancer.

What Does SPF Mean?

SPF stands for Sun Protection Factor, a measure of how well a sunscreen can protect the skin from UVB rays—the kind that causes sunburn. The SPF number indicates how long you can stay in the sun without sunburn compared to how long you can without sunscreen. Here’s what the SPF numbers mean:

• SPF 15: Blocks about 93% of UVB rays and is the minimum level recommended for general daily activity.
• SPF 30: Offers more protection by blocking about 97% of UVB rays, suitable for extended outdoor activities.
• SPF 50 provides even stronger protection by blocking about 98% of UVB rays, ideal for prolonged sun exposure.
• SPF 50+ or higher: The highest level of protection, blocking about 99% of UVB rays, is recommended for very fair or sensitive skin types.

Best Practices for Sun Protection

While a high SPF sunscreen is vital, it should be part of a broader sun protection strategy. This includes wearing protective clothing such as hats and long sleeves, sunglasses with UV protection, and seeking shade during peak sun intensity hours (between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.). Use sunscreen generously and reapply every two hours or more frequently if swimming or sweating.

Conclusion

Protecting your skin from UV damage is crucial for preventing skin cancer and maintaining healthy skin. As we look forward to enjoying the beautiful Isle of Man summer, let’s prioritise sun safety. Understanding and using SPF correctly, along with other sun protection measures, allows us to enjoy the sun safely and responsibly.

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