Are you suffering from Pain outside of foot? Is it when you are weight-bearing or at rest? Does the pain increase with activity or settle?
These are fundamental questions and could mean the difference between a foot pain that takes days to recover versus months. There is a substantial list of possible structures in the side of your foot that may be causing the pain. These could be bone, ligament, tendon, muscular, and/or skin-related.
The discomfort is quite mild for most people, lasting only a few hours to a couple of days. For some, however, the pain lingers for months and even years before treatment is finally sought. The foot is a vital part of the body and performs considerable work, yet it is also one of the most neglected.
Ultimately, such negligence to foot health leads to various disorders, with a side of foot pain common across all age groups. Like any other orthopedic problem, pain on the outside of the foot is most intense when weight-bearing activities are undertaken.
What Causes Pain on Outside of Foot?
Side of foot pain is caused by various diseases and conditions, with many factors triggering its onset. Pain in the toes is common and is caused by a wide range of conditions; pain along the side of the foot is often attributed to stress fractures, with pain from ankle injuries radiating along the side of the foot.
This article offers advice to help you find out what is causing pain in the side of the foot so you can get rapid relief from the pain and discomfort.
A list of the most common causes of pain Outside of the foot include:
- Navicular Stress Fracture
- Mid tarsal joint sprains
- Peroneal Tendonitis
- Extensor Tendonitis
- Tibialis Posterior Tendonitis
- Plantar Fascial Strain/Tear
- Anterior Tendonitis
A less common list of pain on the outside of the foot includes:
- Cuneiform stress fracture
- 5th Metatarsal Fracture
- Cuboid stress fracture
- The base of 2nd metatarsal stress fracture
- Kohler’s disease (if in young children)
- Tarsal coalition/joint fusion
- Cuboid syndrome
- Abductor Hallucis strain
1. Bunions
Bunions are a common cause of foot pain and one of the best-known and easily diagnosed complaints. Bunions are bony outgrowths on the outside of the foot, at the first metatarsophalangeal Joint, or the joint at the base of the big toe as it is more commonly known.
These outgrowths are most commonly protrusions of the metatarsal head outwards, although, in some instances, they can form at the top of the joint. The bunions are not restricted to the feet and may occur on the wrist or other joints in response to prolonged pressure.
Bunions can become inflamed and highly painful, hot to the touch, and swollen, with broken skin prone to infection to make matters worse. They can make wearing shoes difficult and are often caused by poor footwear and poor posture. Read our bunion corrector guide.
2. Bunionettes
A bunionette or a tailor’s bunion tailor’s is a small bump that forms on the outside of the foot, where the little toe joints the body of the foot.
Typically, the bones under a bunionette protrude, which then rub against the side of shoes.
The joint can become inflamed, as can the skin. Bunionettes are similar to bunions except for the location and the size, with the smaller protuberance due to the smaller size of the metatarsal head in the smallest toe.
Their location can easily distinguish them. An individual with bunions is more likely also to have these bony growths on both sides of the feet.
What are the common causes of Bunionettes?
The most common cause of these tailor’s bunions is external pressure placed on the delicate bones of the small toe, usually from ill-fitting footwear. Shoes that squeeze the small toe and apply pressure to the toe area and ball of the foot are typical causes of these bony outgrowths.
Because high-heeled shoes often have a small toe box and angle the toes inwards, walking exerts increased pressure on the ball of the foot and the toes, and as such, they more frequently affect women than men.
The foot’s shape can predispose someone to develop bunionettes; therefore, there is a greater chance of these outgrowths forming if there is a family history.
Symptom of a Bunionette
The main symptom of a bunionette is the bony protrusion from the outside of the foot. There are no other symptoms apart from the small deformity for many people, especially when they first form. Even without other symptoms, the unsightly appearance makes many people seek treatment.
Pain is generally caused by rubbing up against a shoe or other irritant. When pressure is placed on the side of the foot, the pain can actually go away, although the area can be hypersensitive, swollen, hot to the touch, and painful. Without treatment and a chance of footwear, the condition is only likely to deteriorate until the root cause is found and corrected.
Bunionette Treatment
Treatment should begin by directing attention to alleviating pressure. You should not wear shoes that irritate or cause pain or restrict the movement of the toes. Instead, choose shoes with a wide toe box and flat soles or only a modest heel.
If high-heeled shoes or other tight-fitting footwear are necessary, a roomier pair of shoes should be carried with you and changed whenever possible.
Padding in the shape of a do-nut or horseshoe can be placed in the shoes or adhered directly to the foot for relief.
Because bunionettes involve inflammation, applying ice to the affected area for ten to fifteen minutes up to five times a day can reduce the swelling and pain.
Anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen (Advil) or Naproxen (Aleve) can also be taken according to instructions to reduce inflammation.
Surgical removal of Bunionettes
If conservative treatments do not adequately alleviate the symptoms, corticosteroids can be injected at the site of the pain and inflammation, which can provide immediate relief.
Surgical removal of bunionettes is an available option but should only be considered a last resort.
During surgery, either the bones that protrude underneath the bunionette are realigned, or small amounts of bone are removed to lessen the pressure on the outside of the foot.
Due to the small nature of the bones, surgery can be difficult, and it may not be possible to restore full movement to the toe.
Best Treatment For Bunions and Bunionette [Simple and Fast Solutions]
Editors note: Listed here are some of the best fast solutions for bunionettes and bunions. Other solutions include bunion braces, cushions, booties, pads, and splints. For more options, click the link below.
1. Bunion Corrector & Bunion Relief Protector Sleeves Kit
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2. Bunion Corrector and Bunion Splint for Bunion Relief
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3. Arthritis
Arthritis is highly prevalent and affects millions of people worldwide, and is the leading cause of disability affecting people in the United States.
There are many different forms of arthritis, although the most common are osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gouty arthritis; each has a specific mode of action and different causes, but all-cause joint problems, pain, and mobility issues.
With many bad habits and poor lifestyle practices now commonplace, the prevalence of arthritis increases, with many facing this debilitating condition later in life. Arthritis is a chronic disorder with no absolute cure, although you can manage the symptoms and pain.
Arthritis of the feet is common and is characterized by swelling of the cartilage and lining of the joints of the feet. There are 26 bones in the feet and 33 joints, and each can be affected by arthritis. In many cases, the pain can be intense and make movement impossible.
Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Gouty Arthritis: [The Difference]
Osteoarthritis of the foot can strike any of the foot joints. One of the most common locations is the big toe joint. The big toe is more prone to arthritis since pressure on the foot during motion such as walking can jam the big toe joint and cause damage. This is also the same joint affected by gouty arthritis or gout.
Whilst the cause and pain may be similar, gout is the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. Osteoarthritis of the foot also affects the ankle, the midfoot, and the rearfoot joints. When the cartilages of the joints wear out, they cause the ends of the bones to rub together or fuse, which results in pain and joint stiffness.
Rheumatoid arthritis of the foot is a chronic systemic disorder that affects the joints, not just those in the feet. It occurs when the joints stiffen, and there is pain and fatigue. This type of arthritis causes painful inflammation in the joints, with the joints warm to the touch. The joints become swollen as the synovial membrane becomes inflamed. It tends to cause stiffness, mostly in the morning, which lasts for more than an hour.
Rheumatoid arthritis is actually an autoimmune disorder where the body actively destroys the joints. Its causes are not well defined, and whilst not a hereditary disease, it is believed that some individuals’ genetic makeup makes them more likely to develop the condition.
Gouty arthritis of the foot, or gout, is a painful swelling and inflammation of the big toe joint caused by the body’s inability to deal with uric acid. As levels of uric acid increase in the blood, they crystallize out in the joints, particularly that of the big toe, although it can occur in many joints around the body.
Diet has long been believed to play a strong role in the onset and development of gouty arthritis; however, it is increasingly due to heredity and a genetic predisposition to develop the condition.
Arthritis Causes
Osteoarthritis of the foot is the most often attributed to excessive wear and tear on the joints, causing the breakdown of cartilage.
Due to natural aging mechanisms, the joint’s cartilage wears out, causing some areas of the bone to harden and deform. Fluid also accumulates within the joint spaces.
Gout is caused by a sudden change in uric acid level due to excessive intake of alcohol and foods high in uric acids, such as red meats.
It can also be aggravated by certain eating practices such as starvation and dehydration, medications, trauma, and chemotherapy and is strongly linked to a genetic defect.
Arthritis Symptoms
Generally, arthritis causes severe pain and inflammation to the joints, worsening during inactivity and in cold and damp weather conditions. The big toe becomes stiff, inflamed, and painful in foot osteoarthritis.
Rheumatoid arthritis of the foot may promote the growth of calluses, corns, and bunions. Gout symptoms include intense pain, severe tenderness, and swelling in the big toe joints.
Diagnosis
Arthritis of the feet is diagnosed by a doctor with imaging tests and a physical examination.
X-rays, bone scans, computer tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imagery (MRI) can all be used to diagnose accurately.
Management of Arthritis
With the results from diagnostic tests, the doctor will recommend the best treatment options, specific to the kind of arthritis each patient has.
The nature of the condition will determine surgery and, in most cases, is not required.
Non-surgical treatment may include pain relievers or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), wearing of orthotics and braces, cortisone injections, dietary supplements, and physical therapy.
What If non-surgical treatment fails?
If non-surgical treatment fails to work, surgical treatment may be appropriate. Surgical procedures for foot arthritis include arthrodesis, arthroscopic debridement, and arthroplasty. Arthrodesis is a surgical procedure that fuses two bones to form one.
Arthroscopic debridement is the removal of any tissues and outgrowths using a specialized optical technology inserted into the joint.
Arthroplasty is placing artificial implants to replace the damaged ankle joint.
Arthritis of the feet may strike at any age, although older adults are more likely to develop arthritis in the feet. Prevention remains the only cure, with special care taken not to damage or place too great a strain on the joints.
Best Arthritis Solutions [Works Quickly]
Editors note: Arthritis solutions come in many forms, including pain relievers, creams, and supplements.
#1. Penetrex Pain Relief Therapy [2 Oz]
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Inversion Sprain
One of the most common injuries experienced by avid exercisers, runners, and sports lovers is sprains, specifically in the ankle, known as the inversion sprain. Anyone can sprain their ankle even by quite innocuous activities.
A slight twist or slip, especially on wet, frozen, or snowy ground, is all it can take. Sprains often occur during activities that place an increased strain on the ankles, with high-impact activities that involve running, jumping, and making fast turns the most likely to lead to sprains.
The most common type of ankle sprain is an inversion sprain, where the ankle turns outward and the foot inwards, thus damaging the ligaments that run down the outside of the foot.
This can cause considerable pain and will almost certainly make weight-bearing activity impossible, and it will highly restrict movement without strapping. Anyone who overpronates when running is automatically at a disadvantage.
The inward rolling in of the foot with this gait, together with the body’s full weight exerted on the ankle, can make inversion sprains more likely.
What causes an inversion sprain?
In most cases, inversion sprains result from making rapid shifting movements with the feet, with the body’s full weight directed through the ankle.
Any activity which causes the foot to roll, twist, or turn at the ankle, which places the weight on foot, means inversion sprains are more likely to occur.
When the muscles and ligaments in the feet become fatigued, such as when training excessively, they can fail to respond quickly enough, cope with a sudden movement, and overstretch, tear, or even fully rupture.
What are the symptoms of an inversion sprain?
An inversion sprain will certainly cause pain in movement and can make flexing the foot difficult. Oftentimes, the ankle will swell, and there may be bruising.
The area will be painful to the touch, and the joint may feel stiff at first.
With an ankle inversion sprain, pain is always felt on the outside of the foot, where the sprain has occurred, with the inside of the foot pain-free.
The degree of pain is proportional to the severity of the injury, which is graded according to the damage caused.
A grade I injury is due to overstretching, a grade II inversion sprain with partial tearing of a ligament, and a grade III signifying a full rupture.
The more severe the injury, the longer the recovery period and the greater need for support when walking.
How is an inversion sprain treated?
There are different types of treatment programs for an inversion sprain. The most common method used is the PRINCE approach, which stands for Protection, Rest, Ice, NSAIDs, Compression, and Elevation.
To protect your sprained ankle, you can use a protective brace or foot splint with good ankle support, with some having a built-in air cushion for comfort.
The next step for treating your sprain is by taking the weight off the foot and ankle by using a crutch or two if this is more comfortable for you.
It is also recommended to apply ice packs on the affected area for up to 15 minutes every few hours and maintain this until the swelling reduces.
You can take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce the pain and inflammation of the ankle. Common medications are Tylenol, Motrin, and Advil.
Compression is also important during the first three days of the injury, with an elastic compression wrap ideal for helping to reduce swelling.
Elevating the injured area will also help blood flow and reduce fluid build-up in the ankles. This is done by simply raising your ankle above the level of your heart for about 2 to 3 hours every day.
Immediate Treatment
Whether your inversion sprain is a mild or severe case, it is important to seek immediate treatment. The joints become unstable with an inversion sprain, leading to more severe injury.
The nature of the sprain needs to be determined to find out the severity, which has a strong bearing on treatment options.
It is also advisable to ease back into activity gently, to allow the strength and stamina to build up in the ankle. It will take some time before the full strength is restored. Surgery is only usually recommended to repair severely torn ligaments.
Fast Treatment for inversion sprains
Editor notes: Ankle injuries can be treated with the PRINCE approach, which stands for Protection, Rest, Ice, NSAIDs, Compression, and Elevation. The
#1. ASO Ankle Stabilizer
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#5. SENTEQ Compression Ankle Brace
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Foot Fracture
In some cases, a sprain may accompany a fracture of a bone, especially following a fall. However, foot fractures need not be caused by a single traumatic event, with stress fractures often forming following prolonged overtraining and overuse.
The damage can be very severe, with a full fracture requiring a cast to be worn to keep the bones straight and the ankle proper healing. A fragment can be torn away from the main bone in severe cases. This type of fracture is called an avulsion, a common cause of side of foot pain among athletes. Severe swelling, redness, and tenderness on the side of the foot are also evident.
Best Treatments for Foot Fracture
Editors note: There is no beating around the bush when dealing with a fracture. The best way to manage one is using a fracture boot. Let’s look at some of the best options available in the market.
#1. United Surgical Short Air Cam Walker Fracture Boot
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Editors note: Shoe Balancer uses an innovative design to matchup the height of your shoe to your opposite leg that’s in any walking cast or walker boot.
#2. ProCare Evenup Shoe Balancer
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Navicular Stress Fracture
Cuboid Syndrome
Unlike arthritis or sprains, Cuboid syndrome affects both the joints and ligaments of the cuboid, one of the main bones that form the lateral side of the foot. The classic symptom of cuboid syndrome is side foot pain, especially during weight-bearing activity or sudden impact. Foot weakness is also a common complaint.
Dancers and runners are the common patients diagnosed with cuboid syndrome, as running and jumping can considerably strain the foot. Please find out more about the conditions and how to treat them effectively in the cuboid Treatment section.
Best Cuboid Syndrom Treatments [Works Quickly]
Editors note: One of the best treatments is the manipulation of the subluxed cuboid to its natural place. A podiatrist or a physical therapist should perform this. Let’s look at some other ways of soothing the pain.
1. Ice therapy
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2. Tapping
#3. Kinesiology Tape SPARTAN TAPE
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#4. KT TAPE Original Cotton Elastic Kinesiology Therapeutic Sports Tape
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3. Orthotics
#5. Superfeet GREEN Full Length Insole
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#6. Powerstep Pinnacle Shoe Insole Orthotic s
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4. Exercises
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Tarsal Coalition
Tarsal coalition is not one of the most commonly known foot conditions and affects the tarsal bones at the rear of the foot. The foot can be divided into three sets of bones. The toes are termed the phalanges, the midfoot the metatarsal, and the collection of bones at the rear of the foot, the tarsals.
Tarsal coalition is known by other names such as tarsal synostosis, tarsal dysostosis, and peroneal spastic flatfoot. It is an abnormality between two tarsal bones in the midfoot and rearfoot, connected during bone development in the early stages of life. The connection can be bone or cartilage, or even fibrous tissue.
What do the tarsals consist of?
The tarsals consist of seven bones: the calcaneus (heel bone), talus at the base of the ankle, cuneiform bones, and navicular and cuboid. These bones form two major joints, the midtarsal and subtalar foot joints. These joints play an important part in the movement.
Tarsal coalition is the general term, although depending on where the bones are joined will determine the exact type of tarsal coalition. The calcaneonavicular coalition is where there is no separation between the navicular and calcaneus bones. The talocalcaneal coalition is where there is no separation of the talus and calcaneus bones. Although there are other types of foot bone coalition, these two are the most commonly treated by doctors.
What causes the tarsal coalition?
Tarsal coalition is a congenital abnormality because it occurs during embryonic cell division in the uterus. This defect is often considered an autosomal dominant genetic disorder, suggesting that a parent with a tarsal coalition will most likely pass the disorder on to their children.
Possible non-congenital causes of foot bone fusion include orthopedic surgical complications or an advanced case of arthritis that affects both the midfoot and the rear foot.
What are the symptoms of the tarsal coalition?
During infancy, the bones are very flexible, and as a baby with a tarsal coalition starts to walk, the disorder goes unnoticed and does not cause pain. As the child grows, the affected area of the foot gradually deforms into a more bony structure.
The onset of pain associated with the abnormality happens at around nine to seventeen. As the bones solidify, you can feel excruciating pain in the foot during activity. You can also feel pain below the fibula in the lower leg. Other symptoms may include pain when standing or walking, muscle spasms, fallen arches, rapid muscle fatigue, and often stiffness in the feet.
How is tarsal coalition diagnosed?
A doctor will take a case history, taking any hereditary factors, previous surgeries, present problems, and other orthopedic risks. The doctor will undertake a thorough physical examination to determine the disorder.
Further tests will also be conducted, such as X-rays, computer tomography (CT) scans, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). An accurate diagnosis is conducive to a proper and effective treatment plan.
How is the tarsal coalition treated?
You can manage the condition with medical-surgical procedures. This includes drug therapy consisting of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cortisone injections to reduce inflammation and decrease pain.
The doctor can also prescribe orthotics designed for the affected foot and a leg cast d to help with movement. If non-surgical treatments fail to control the pain and if the condition is severe, surgical correction becomes the most appropriate treatment.
Tarsal coalition can be surgically treated in two ways. The first is through resection of the coalition, where the abnormal connection of the two affected tarsal bones is removed. The second is through fusion, also known as arthrodesis, where the cartilage covering the joint is removed to allow the two bones to fuse.
There is a tendency to develop an abnormal gait if the tarsal coalition remains untreated. This can happen during middle adulthood or basically anytime when the foot’s function starts to falter. Pain is a subjective symptom, but it is a good predictor of an underlying problem.
[Quick Relief] Treatments For Tarsal Coalition
Editors note: The best way to treat the Tarsal coalition is to immobilize it. A cast should be molded around the damaged area. Quick solutions, however, include using ice for soothing relief.
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Consult a Doctor or Podiatrist or visit the Emergency Room
Foot problems nearly always warrant seeking medical attention, as the symptoms can be very debilitating. Principally, it is important to know basic first aid interventions when foot pain is felt, especially right after traumatic injuries.
Anyone should know the acronym RICE by heart: R for rest, I for immobilization, C for compression, and E for elevation. Most especially in the cases of sprains and fractures, immediate splinting with a compression bandage is crucial to maintain the normal alignment of the bones and avoid further deformities.
Keeping the affected foot rested, immobilized, and elevated to avoid further trauma and reduce swelling is important. A visit to a doctor will determine the extent of the problem, and they can prescribe the best treatment to match the cause of your side of foot pain.
