Nystatin is an antifungal substance produved by certain strains of Streptomyces noursei with fungistatic and fungicidal properties. Its main action is against Candida species. It is also effective against other yeasts and fungi. Nystatin acts by binding to the sterols in the cell membranes of sensitive fungi thus interfering with membrane permeability
Pharmacokinetics
Nystatin is poorly absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract following Oral administration. It is not absorbed through the skin or mucous membranes when applied topically and is thus employed for its local action
Indications
For the treatment of fungal infections of the oral cavity (oral thrush), oesophagus and intestinal tract. For prophylaxis of candida infections in susceptible patients e.g. patients receiving cytotoxic drugs and those receiving either long courses or high doses of antibiotics. For prophylaxis of Oral Candidiasis in infants born of mothers with vaginal candidiasis
Dosage and administration
Adults
For the treatment of oral candidiasis 1 ml of the Suspension should be used four times daily. The suspension should be kept for as long as possible in the mouth before swallowing. For the treatment or prophylaxis of oesophageal or intestinal candidiasis, 1 or 2 tablets should be used 3 or 4 times a day
Children
For the treatment of oral oesophageal or intestinal candidiasis 1 ml of suspension should be given four times daily. For prophylaxis of oral candidiasis in newborns, 1 ml of suspension should be given once daily or in divided doses.
Side effects
Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea occur occasionally. No systemic toxicity occurs as nystatin is only sparingly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to nystatin
Use in pregnancy
No special precautions need to be taken in pregnancy as absorption from the gastrointestinal tract is minimal
