Varicose Veins are enlarged, superficial veins seen over the skin in the legs. Generally the Oxygen-rich, pure blood is brought to the legs from the heart through arteries. After the oxygen and nutrition of the pure blood is utilized in the legs, the pure blood is converted into impure Venous blood. The impure (Venous) blood of the lower limb is pumped back into the heart by the Veins. The pumping of the impure blood from the leg against gravity generally needs significant force. To help the veins push the impure blood against gravity to the heart, the veins are equipped with non-return valves. The Valves are present in the leg veins (In the deep Veins and at the junction of deep-superficial veins). Due to excessive pressure on the non-return, vein valves, they tend to damage-this leads to impairment of venous blood to move up from the leg to heart. Hence the patients with Varicose Vein will have dilated, tortuous and visible superficial veins over the legs.

The non-return valve (One-way Valve) in the veins gets damaged due to prolonged standing, pregnancy, hormonal imbalance, genetic predisposition, collagen vascular disease etc.