Rice production holds great importance in India’s agricultural economy. It provides livelihood to millions and makes substantial contributions to the nation’s exports. With a diverse climate and fertile soil, India boasts favorable conditions for Rice cultivation. This blog delves into India’s rice growing seasons, highlights the top 10 rice producing states of India, and explores region-specific rice varieties.

India’s rice cultivation seasons

Rice cultivation in India works in sync with the monsoon cycle. The rice sowing season begins with the onset of the southwest monsoon in June and lasts till the end of July. Monsoon plays a crucial role in ensuring the requisite soil moisture for early germination and rapid crop growth. During the sowing phase, farmers prepare the fields and transplant new rice seedlings into the waterlogged paddy fields. Planting activities generally span from July to August, capitalizing on the wet conditions furnished by the monsoon showers. As the monsoon season concludes, the rice paddies mature and brim with grains. Harvesting typically occurs between October and November, depending on the rice variety and the specific geographic region.

Rice production in India

India’s rice production was 53.6 million tonnes in the fiscal year 1980 and increased to an impressive 120 million tonnes i.e. 1200 lakh tonnes by the fiscal year 2020-21. The total rice production projected for the year 2022-23 is estimated at 1308.37 lakh tonnes. The nation’s rice landscape is shaped significantly by key states such as West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Punjab. All these states together produce 72% of India’s total rice output. Now, we are going to discuss the top 10 rice-producing states of India.

Top 10 rice-producing states of India

West Bengal
West Bengal commands the lion’s share of India’s rice production, contributing a substantial 14% to the nation’s overall output. Most of the rice is grown in the districts of Midnapore, Bardhaman, and Banka Virbhoomi of West Bengal. Here, farmers cultivate varieties such as Swarna, IR36, and Sona Masuri, which find enthusiastic takers not only in local markets but also on the international stage.

Uttar Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh claims the second spot in India’s rice cultivation. With its fertile Gangetic plains, it contributes significantly to the production of rice in India. The combination of agricultural diversity and modern farming techniques lead to the extensive growth of high-yielding rice varieties like Pusa Basmati, Sugandha, and Mahsuri. Uttar Pradesh commands an impressive 10% stake in India’s overall rice output. The rice fields in locales such as Bareilly, Muzaffarnagar, Lakhimpur Kheri, Gorakhpur, and Faizabad stand as a testament to the state’s dedication to rice cultivation.

Punjab

Punjab also holds a significant position on the rice-producing map. An annual rice output of 12 million tonnes positions Punjab among the leading contributors in this domain. Hence it secures a commendable third rank. Punjab is known for its basmati rice varieties, such as Pusa Basmati 1509 and 1121.

Tamil Nadu

Rice cultivation is done across approximately 28 districts within the state of Tamil Nadu. Notably, the Kaveri river region is a prominent hub for rice production. In fact, it is the world’s oldest rice-producing region. Tamil Nadu is known for the production of high-quality rice varieties like Ponni and Sona Masuri.

Andhra Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh also holds a significant spot among India’s top rice producers. In this state, 22 major types of rice grow. Some of these include Samba Madhuri, Sameel, Sashri, Sarwani, Samba Masuri, BPT 5204, and MTU 1010. Among Andhra Pradesh’s regions, Krishna East, Godavari, and West Godavari shine as the biggest zones where rice is grown in large quantities.

Bihar

Rice consumption is very high in Bihar. Rice is grown in 37 districts of the state. Every year, a huge amount of 6400 thousand tonnes of rice is produced here. Dhanalakshmi, Gautam, Richhariya, and Saroj rice varieties are cultivated in winter, while during summer Gautam Pusa-33, CR 44-35 (Saket-4), Pusa-2-21 and Prabhat (90 days duration only) are grown.

Chhattisgarh

Chhattisgarh stands at the seventh spot in rice production. The state produces around 61 metric tonnes of rice. The weather here is just right for growing rice. In Chhattisgarh, they mostly grow rice in the flat lands of places like Champa, Raipur, Bilaspur, Rajnandgaon, and Korba.

Odisha

The economy of Odisha formerly Orissa mainly depends on agriculture. Rice is cultivated in 69% of Orissa’s land area. Being located on the sea coast, this state has a suitable climate for the production of rice.

Assam

Rice is the main crop of Assam. It is cultivated in a total area of 4.16 million hectares in the state. The productivity of rice is more than 1700 kg per hectare. The delightful fragrance and incredible taste of rice cultivated in Assam make it highly sought after. Joha rice of Assam is exported to foreign countries.

Haryana

Rice is grown in a total of 18 regions in Haryana. The production here is more than 2,500 kg per hectare. Rice is mainly cultivated in Kaithal, Jind, Kurukshetra, Ambala, Yamunanagar, and Sonipat in Haryana.

So, these are the top 10 rice-producing states of India. Now, we’ll talk about an app that can transform your grain trading experience. Let us introduce you to the ‘Bijak Vyapaar’ app designed to get you the best prices for your grain commodities from any corner of the country. The ‘Price Trend’ feature in the app, showcases the fluctuations in rate for the grains in recent days. With the help of this insight, you can make informed trading decisions. The app is absolutely free to use. Hurry! Download the ‘Bijak Vyapaar’ app now!

In today’s blog, we delved into the top 10 rice-producing states of India and their remarkable varieties. In the next blog, we will learn about the rice trade in India. We trust you’ve enjoyed this insightful read. We’re all ears for your questions and suggestions, so feel free to share them through comments. Also, don’t forget to follow our social media channels.

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