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Agricultural Science

Table Of Contents

• Meaning Of Simple Farm Tools
• Types Of Simple Farm Tools
• Maintenance Of Simple Farm Tools

Meaning Of Simple Farm Tools

Simple Farm tools are simple, handy tools used mainly by peasant farmers. They are designed to help the hands to apply force in farm operations.

Types Of Simple Farm Tools

Here are some common simple farm tools and their functions discussed below:

1. Cutlass: This is the tool most commonly used by farmers. There are two main types, One has a slightly curved blade with a short wooden handle, while the other has a straight metal blade and a short wooden handle. One edge of the metal blade is sharp and the other is blunt.

Functions/Uses Of Cutlass

• For cutting down and clearing bushes and trees.
• For transplanting seedlings.
• For planting seeds and harvesting crops.
• For weeding farmlands.

Maintenance Practices

• Cutlass should be sharpened regularly.
• Keep it in a dry and cool place.
• Metal parts should be oiled or greased before storage.
• It should not be left lying about.

2. Hoe: The hoe consists of a metal blade which may either be round or slightly rectangular in shape with a wooden handle which can be either long or short. There are two types of hoe which are The West African Hoe (It has short and wooden handle and a round metal blade) and West Indian Hoe (It has a long wooden handle and a rectangular metal blade).

Functions/Uses Of Hoe

• 1. Hoe is used for land preparation.
• 2. It is used for making ridges and heaps.
• 3. For planting or transplanting some crops.
• 4. For harvesting some crops.
• 5. It is used for weeding.

Maintenance Practices

• 1. Sharpen blunt blades.
• 2. Keep in dry and cool places.
• 3. Oil or grease metal blade before storage.
• 4. Clean or wash after use.

3. Spade: Spade has a long wooden handle and a broad metal blade. The edge of the metal blade is sharp so that it can easily be driven into the soil.

Functions/Uses Of Spade

• 1. Spade is used for lifting soil and completely turning it over.
• 2. It is used for levelling soil.
• 3. For digging holes during transplanting.
• 4. For mixing cement/concrete for farm structures.

Maintenance Practices

• 1. Store in a dry and cool place.
• 2. Keep away from rain and termite attack on wooden handles.
• 3. Sharpen the blade regularly.

4. Shovel: Shovel is just like spade. It has a long handle but the blade of a shovel is hollow and broad with a rectangular or round edge.

Functions/Uses Of Shovel

• 1. It is used for lifting or transferring soil from one place to another.
• 2. For making garden paths.
• 3. For levelling the ground and removing stones or rubbish.
• 4. To load materials from ground level into wheel barrow.

Maintenance Practices

• 1. Store in a dry and cool place.
• 2. Oil, grease or paint metal parts.
• 3. Clean after use.

5. Garden Fork: Garden fork usually has four prongs or teeth which taper to a point. The prongs, made of hard metal are about 20cm long, mounted on a long metal or wooden handle of about 70-80cm long.

Functions/Uses Of Garden Fork

• 1. It is used for turning manure during compost making.
• 2. It is used for loosening the soil before transplanting.
• 3. It is used for loading manure.
• 4. It is used for loading hay.

Maintenance Practices

• 1. Apply grease to avoid rusting.
• 2. Clean after use.
• 3. Keep in dry and cool place.
• 4. Paint metal parts before long storage.

6. Hand Fork: The hand fork consists of a piece of metal with three or four short flat prongs. Some have short wooden handle while others are entirely made of metal.

Functions/Uses Of Hand Fork

• 1. It is used for loosening surface soil or breaking soil clods.
• 2. It is used for light weeding.
• 3. For mixing small quantity of soil or manure.
• 4. For working manure into the soil.

Maintenance Practices

• 1. Store in a dry and cool place.
• 2. Paint, oil or grease to prevent rusting.
• 3. Clean or wash after use.

7. Screw: A screw is a piece of metal consisting of a pin threaded c with a pointed end. The other bigger end has a narrow hole or cut on top in which a flat screw driver can fit in during using.

Function/Uses Of Screw

It is used to hold two or more pieces of metals or wood in position in farm machineries, equipment and structures.

Maintenance Practices

• 1. Keep tool in a cool, dry place.
• 2. Rub with oil or grease to prevent rusting.
• 3. Use appropriate screw driver to screw in or screw out to avoid it wearing out.

Other Simple Farms Tools Are:

1. Hand trowel
2. Rake
3. Axe
4. Pick Axe or Digger
5. Headpan
6. Watering can
7. Mattock
8. Pruning Saw
9. Sickle
10. Harvesting knife
11. Root-loading Fork
12.  Hay fork
13. Manure Drag
14. Wheelbarrow
15. 1Crowbar
16.  Bradawl
17. Budding knife
18. Emasculator
19. Shears
20. Secateurs
21. Hammer
22. Mallet
23. Pliers
24. Spanner
25. Screw driver
26. Nut and Bolt
27. File or Chisel

General Maintenance Of Simple Farm Tools And Implements

The following maintenance practices or precautions are to be adopted to prolong the “life span” and effective use of farm tools.

1. Tools should be washed or cleaned after use.
2. Oil, grease or lubricate movable joints to reduce friction.
3. Turn or store upside-down for water to drain out where necessary, e.g., watering can.
4. Sharpen blunt edges or blade where necessary.
5. Paint, oil or grease metallic parts against rusting where necessary.
6. Store in a cool, dry place.
7. Replace worn-out parts.
8. Check and tighten loose nuts and bolts daily or periodically.
9. Follow manufacturers’ instructions before using implements.
10. Handle tools with care and use for intended purposes only.
11. farm tools and their uses

Advantages of Simple Farm Tools:

1. Simple Farm Tools can make farming easier for farmers.
2. They’re free and easy to employ on the farm.
3. Without the equipment in the field, crops, and livestock cannot be raised or cultivated properly.
4. Tools for farming help crops yield the desired amount of fruit, which is the main reason we are engaged in farming (producing food for the human race and other human needs).

Why do you need to maintain your farm’s equipment and tools? (Reasons for maintaining farm equipment)

1. They last longer when they are properly maintained.
2. Equipment and tools that are properly maintained function more effectively.
3. If you maintain equipment and tools in good condition, You reduce the chance of injury to the user.
4. Regular maintenance can lower the expense of maintenance.

20 farm tools and their uses

1. Cutlasses These are used to prepare for planting activities such as cutting down and clearing grasses, bushes, and trees.
2. Hoes These are hand tools used in horticulture to form soil, eliminate weeds, remove soil, and harvest root crops.
3. Rakes These are utilized for gathering, scooping or leveling material like mulch, soil, or even leaves.
4. Hand forks These are utilized to cultivate the soil, light weeding, and transplant seeds.
5. Garden fork These are basic tools for farmers to use to loosen the top soil layer for transplantation.
6. Shears They are employed to slice dead wood or other parts of the plant.
7. The pickaxe is used to lift things required in the farming process.
8. Spades are simple tools for farmers to use to turn over the soil and help plant seedlings.
9. Hand trowel It is used to move plants from nursery bedding to the main site during the planting process.
10. Shovel The tool is used to create paths for gardeners, level the ground, and remove rubbish, stones, or other debris from the path.
11. Secateurs The Secateurs are used to trim weeds, branches, and branches in the garden.
12. The watering container is used to water crops during the dry season to keep them from dying and dying.
13. Harvesting sickle It is utilized to harvest vegetables as well as cereal crops.
14. Head pan It’s a basic farm tool utilized to move seeds from nursery beds to the primary site, mix fertilizers and manure, and transport Farm Produce.
15. Wheelbarrow It is utilized for moving debris, transporting fertilizers, transporting toolboxes, etc.
16. Axe It is used for the felling of trees, splitting logs, as well as dressing of logs to convert timber.
17. A Pruning S saw is used to trim trees and shrubs.
18. A budding knife is used to make budding or graft union plants.
19. Budizzor The drug is used in livestock, such as sheep and cattle, to crush the spermatic cord. It also stops the flow of blood to the tests.
20. Sprayers This can be described as one of the most basic farming tools used for spraying insecticides.

What are the simple farm tools?

Examples include cutlasses, hoes and rakes, gardening forks, shears, pickaxe spades, hand trowels, secateurs, shovel the harvesting sickle, watering can wheelbarrow, head pan, and axes Budding knife; pruning saw the buzzer casting device, etc.

What are simple farm tools Primary 2?

1. Cutlass.
2. Hoe.
3. Rake.
4. Watering can be a good idea.
5. Wheelbarrow.
6. Basket.
7. Head pan.
8. Hand fork.

What is farm tools for primary 4?

Farm tools are used to clear cultivation, cultivating, planting, harvesting, and more on the farmer’s land. Tools for farming crops include the hoe, cutlass, garden fork, rake, spade, and shovel. Other tools include an axe, secateurs, wheelbarrows, pickaxe shears, sickle head pan, and watering container.

What is farm tools and their examples?

• Simple farm tools can be defined as simple, handy tools used mainly by peasant farmers. They are designed to help the hands to apply force in farm operations.
• Examples are: hoe, cutlass, garden fork, rake, spade, and shovel. Other tools include an axe, secateurs, wheelbarrows, pickaxe shears, sickle head pan, and watering container.

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