Google Sheets offers a large number of Functions in order to do calculations regarding specific values. Each Google Sheets function requires the user to follow a specific order, called Syntax. A basic Syntax requires an equal sign (=), a function name, and an argument. Functions are described in detail below. 

ARRAY_CONSTRAIN 

This function restricts the size of the input arrays and outputs the specified number of rows and columns of that array. Following is the syntax of this function. 

ARRAY_CONSTRAIN (range_of_input, output_rows, output_columns)

Here the range_of _input is a range of the input data, output_rows is the number of rows that we want in our data, and output_columns is the number of columns that our result may contain. This function is employed along with other formulas when a fewer number of rows and columns are needed in the output.

FREQUENCY

This array function is employed to calculate the frequency of values in a range, known as the one-column range. It gives a vertical array result.  The syntax for this function is as follows. 

FREQUENCY (data, classes)

Here, data refers to the range or array with the values that are required to be counted. Classes refer to the range with a set of classes. It should be noted that the classes must be sorted to have clarity. The FREQUENCY will output in the form of a specific vertical sized range one greater than classes. An example of the use of this function is given below.

MDETERM

This function is employed to find out the determinant matrix of a given array. Matrix determinant enables the user to calculate the different qualities of the matrix. It should be noticed that the array must be a square matrix comprising only numbers and not any blanks. Following is the syntax for this function.

MDETERM (square_of_matrix)

Here, square_of_matrix represents an array consisting of an equal number of rows and columns; it is the input of this function. A complete matrix should be the input, which will result in a matrix determinant of that specific square matrix. This function can be employed in mathematics to solve system equations in linear algebra. The example is as follows. 

MINVERSE

This function determines the multiplicative inverse matrix of a square matrix. This function works specifically with a square matrix, containing numbers only and comprising equal numbers of rows and columns. Following is the syntax for the function. 

MINVERSE (square_of_matrix)

Here, MINVERSE is the name of our function; square_of_matix is the input of this function. This function does not work if the array is empty or if it includes text. It enables among other things to calculate a series of simultaneous equations.  Following is an example of the use of this function.

MMULT

This array function enables the user to multiply two matrices classified into ranges or arrays. Following is the syntax for the function.

MMULT (matrix1, matrix2)

Here, MMULT is the name of our function. Matrix1 is the name of the first matrix indicated as range or array while matrix2 is the name of the second matrix also indicated as range or array. For the function to work, the standard must be followed. The standard indicates that the columns in matrix1 must be equal in numbers to the rows in matrix2. The output of this function results in the same number of rows as array 1 and the same number of columns in array 2. An example of the use of this function is as follows.

SUMPRODUCT 

This array function multiplies 2 or more corresponding entries of equal-sized arrays or ranges and then determines their sum. This function is pivotal in situations where we need to multiply entries across arrays and determine their sum. Following is the syntax for this function.

SUMPRODUCT (array1, [array2, …])

Here, SUMPRODUCT is the name of our function. Array1 refers to the first array or range whose items are to be multiplied with the items of the second array or range via the SUMPRODUCT formula. Array2 refers to the additional arrays or ranges consisting of the same length as the first array or range. Its entries are to be multiplied with the corresponding entries of the first array or range via SUMPRODUCT. Furthermore, SUMPRODUCT can be paired with TRANSPOSE function, resulting in MMULT.

SUMX2MY2

This function enables the user to determine the sum of differences of the entries in two arrays. Following is the syntax for this function. 

SUMX2MY2 (array_of_x, array_of_y)

Here, SUMX2MY2 is our function, array_of_x represents the array or range of the entries whose squares are to be minimized by the squares of correlating items in the array_of_y. Then their sum is obtained. On the other hand, Array_of_y represents the array or range of the entries whose squares are to be deducted from the correlating, and then their sum is calculated. An example of the use of this function is shown below. 

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