“Retirement age” used to mean something—you had to be in your late 50s, at the young end, and probably more like 60+. It was a milestone marked by sheet cake and maybe a ‘thank you’ plaque, when, after serving diligently for decades, you could finally say farewell to the workplace.

Things are faster, now. We’ve got movies on demand, same-day deliveries and, for some, the option to retire much sooner. Yep, there’s a growing trend to follow the instructions commonly found on coffee mugs and throw pillows to ‘live each day to the fullest’ …

Out with the Old, and in with the Fumes.

And the trend has a name. It’s called Fire, which is short for “financial independence and early retirement,” and it boils down to the idea that age no longer dictates retirement. Money does. Save enough cash, and you become the master of your time (with the option to retire, if you want to).

People who seek FIRE, let’s call them FIREballs, retire in their 40s, 30s and even in their 20s. Sounds pretty good, right?

All You Need to Do Is Age Your Money

At YNAB, we talk a lot about aging your money. The basic premise behind FIRE is the same: spend less than you earn in order to accumulate dollars that you don’t need to spend, yet. If you’re aiming for some financial peace, try to be at least a month ahead of your expenses. But, if you’re after financial independence, try to be decades ahead of your expenses—which requires not just saving, but investing (and maybe even a side hustle).

The math, if not the realization, of FIRE is pretty easy. Mr. Money Mustache sums it up:

“… take your annual spending, and multiply it by somewhere between 20 and 50 [years]. That’s your retirement number. If you use the number 25, you’re implicitly using a four percent Safe Withdrawal Rate, which is my own personal favorite number.”

The “Safe Withdrawal Rate” is the maximum rate at which you can spend your Savings if you want it to last you for the rest of your life. Why four percent? Well, it’s calculated under some assumptions. Mr. Money Mustache explains:

“At the most basic level, you can think of it like this: imagine you have your ‘stash of retirement savings invested in stocks or other assets. They pay dividends and appreciate in price at a total rate of seven percent per year, before inflation. Inflation eats three percent on average, leaving you with four percent to spend reliably, forever.”

So, if you need $40,000 per year to live comfortably, multiply it by 25 and you’ll see that you need $1,000,000, assuming the four percent safe withdrawal rate, to say goodbye, forever, to your j-o-b.

The Cost of FIRE

There are a million ways to save the million (or however many) bucks that you need, but they all boil down to:

Living Frugally

Spending less cash will obviously help you save more, and if it’s a sustainable lifestyle for you, it also means that your savings goal can be lower. You won’t need as much cash to retire if you’re happy living on fewer dollars.

For example, if you cut your cable for life—a savings of about $100 per month—you could achieve financial independence on $30,000 less in savings. (That’s $100 multiplied by 12 months for a total of $1,200 saved per year. Then, multiply $1,200 by 25 years, and you get $30,000.)

Investing Wisely

Give your dollars the job to earn more dollars. The secret to investment success? Make it boring, and get started. The sooner, the better.

Earning More

In addition to full-time jobs, many FIREballs work part-time jobs or run their own businesses. They also seek passive income streams, like rental properties.

Is It Worth It?

Only you can decide if FIRE would light you up. If you’re considering FIRE, what do you hope to gain? Your driving purpose behind striving for FIRE will help you focus on the prize, not the strain of a dramatically overhauling your life—cutting costs and working more—to hit your savings goal.

If you’re not sure, you can always give FIRE a test-drive. Try cutting back for a season, or picking up a second job. Maybe you’ll stick with it long enough to partially retire early. You could also try saving in short bursts, taking breaks to return to your ‘normal’. If you decide not to jump into FIRE with both feet, these temporary changes to your lifestyle will help you pad your retirement fund, even if you decide not to strive for an early retirement. Win-win.

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