Apple and Samsung have been fined millions of euros each by Italian authorities over "planned obsolescence" in smartphones.
"Apple and Samsung implemented unfair commercial practices", the Italian competition authority said in a statement.
Software updates were said to have slowed the performance of older phones.
This "caused serious malfunctions and significantly reduced performance", which provoked users into upgrading their devices, the authority said.
The companies encouraged users to upgrade operating system software but did not make clear the increased demands that new software would make on smartphones, according to the authority.
BBC News.