Sedimentology: Uncovering Earth’s History, One Layer at a Time Geology is the study of the Earth’s structure, composition, and history. It is a vast field that covers various sub-disciplines, one of which is sedimentology. This branch of geology focuses on the study of sediments, particles that settle on the Earth’s surface through the action of wind, water, and ice. Sedimentology is crucial in understanding the Earth’s past and present, and it plays a significant role in many industries such as oil and gas exploration, mineral extraction, and environmental geology.