Stratigraphy: An Essential Tool in Understanding Earth’s History Geology is a vast field that studies the composition, structure, and processes of the Earth and its materials. It is a constantly evolving science that has helped us understand the history of our planet and unravel its mysteries. One important aspect of geology is stratigraphy, which plays a crucial role in determining the Earth’s past and present. Stratigraphy is the study of geological layers or strata within the Earth’s crust.