Eid Ghadeer
Hadiths of Eid Ghadeer are clear evidence for the unbroken succession of Imamate and Caliphate of Hazrat Ali (A.S), and researchers give great importance to this saying.
What is Ghadeer:
Ghadeer is a place where people coming from the route of Sham (Syria) for Hajj, bind the Ihram (sacred attire) for Makkah. It is also known as Miqat Ahl Sham (the Miqat of the people of Sham). On the return journey from Makkah, the routes of Madinah Munawwarah, Egypt, Sham, and Iraq diverge. Near Ghadeer, there is a pond at a distance of one and a half miles. In Arabic, a pond is called Ghadeer.
Meaning of Kham:
The word Kham has been used with various meanings in different contexts, such as “rotate,” “turn,” and “twist.”
When did the event of Ghadeer take place?
The event of Ghadeer took place on Thursday, 18th of Dhu al-Hijjah, 10 AH, which corresponds to 21st March.
The event of Ghadeer is the most important event in the history of Islam. During the farewell pilgrimage (Hajjat al-Wida), when the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him) was returning, Gabriel (Jibril) descended at a specific location with a verse from the Quran.
يٰۤاَيُّهَا الرَّسُوۡلُ بَلِّغۡ مَاۤ اُنۡزِلَ اِلَيۡكَ مِنۡ رَّبِّكَؕ وَاِنۡ لَّمۡ تَفۡعَلۡ فَمَا بَلَّغۡتَ رِسَالَـتَهٗؕ وَاللّٰهُ يَعۡصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَا يَهۡدِىۡ الۡقَوۡمَ الۡـكٰفِرِيۡنَ
O Messenger, deliver what has been revealed to you from your Lord, and if you do not, then you have not conveyed His message. And Allah will protect you from the people. Indeed, Allah does not guide the disbelieving people.
Surah Al-Ma’idah, Verse 67
There are various types of verses that were revealed regarding the status of Maula Ali (A.S)
- The verses that were specifically revealed regarding your (Maula Ali’s) status.
- The verses that were specifically revealed regarding your (Maula Ali’s) and your Ahl al-Bayt’s (family’s) status.
- The verses that were specifically revealed regarding your (Maula Ali’s) and the righteous companions’ status.
Sawa'iq al-Muhriqah,page number 276.
Announcement of Guardianship.
After the revelation of this verse, the Prophet (peace be upon him) gathered people at the location of Ghadeer Khum. A pulpit was constructed using saddles of camels, and after ascending it, the Prophet delivered a sermon. In this sermon, after mentioning the Oneness of Allah and his own prophethood, the Prophet (peace be upon him) raised the hand of Maula Ali (peace be upon him) and said…
من کنت مولاہ فھذا علی مولاہ
Of whomsoever I am the Maula (master, leader), Ali is also his Maula (master, leader).
Denial and punishment.
Another incident that occurred after Ghadeer is as follows: A person came to the Messenger of Allah and said, “O Messenger of Allah, we have accepted everything you have said, but we will not accept what you have declared today regarding Ali (A.S) as your successor. If you have spoken the truth today, may Allah punish me, and if you have lied, may Allah punish you.” Then, a Quranic verse was revealed in response to this incident.
سَأَلَ سَآئِلٌۢ بِعَذَابٍۢ وَاقِعٍۢ
Translation: The one who asks for punishment is the one who requests that punishment.
Surah Al-Ma’arij, Verse 1:
And at that very moment, Allah’s punishment was inflicted upon that person, and he perished. This means that whoever denies Ghadeer will always remain humiliated in both this world and the Hereafter, while those who have faith in Ghadeer have achieved success.
Narration in Sahih Bukhari regarding the event of Eid Ghadeer.
Muhammad ibn Yusuf narrated the hadith to us, then Sufyan Thawri narrated it, then Qais ibn Muslim narrated it, and then Tariq ibn Shahab narrated it. They mentioned that some Jews said, “If this verse had been revealed to us, we would have celebrated it as a festival.” Umar asked, “Which verse are you referring to?” They replied..
Sahih Bukhari, Book of Battles, Hadith 1526.
On the day of Eid, as a celebration
There is great emphasis on celebrating this day as a festival, and this Eid is considered the most virtuous of all Eids, surpassing the celebrations of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, even after the Eid of Prophethood (Eid al-Ba’thah).
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