Karnataka (/kərˈnɑːtəkə/; ISO: Karnāṭaka, Kannada elocution: [kɐˈɾnäːʈɐkɐ], otherwise called Karunāḍu) is a state in the southwestern locale of India. It was shaped on 1 November 1956, with the section of the States Rearrangement Act. Initially known as Mysore State/maɪˈsɔːr/, it was renamed Karnataka in 1973. The state relates to the Carnatic locale.

 Its capital and biggest city is Bangalore. Karnataka is lined by the Middle Eastern Ocean toward the west, Goa toward the northwest, Maharashtra toward the north, Telangana toward the upper east, Andhra Pradesh toward the east, Tamil Nadu toward the southeast, and Kerala toward the southwest. It is the main southern state to have land borders with all of the other four southern Indian sister states.

 The state covers an area of 191,791 square kilometers (74,051 sq mi), or 5.83 percent of the all out geological area of India.[13] It is the 6th biggest Indian state by area.

[13] With 61,130,704 occupants at the 2011 registration, Karnataka is the eighth-biggest state by populace, involving 31 locale. Kannada, one of the old style dialects of India, is the most generally communicated in and official language of the state. Other minority dialects spoken incorporate Urdu, Konkani, Marathi, Tulu, Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, 

Kodava and Beary. Karnataka likewise contains a portion of the main towns in India where Sanskrit is fundamentally spoken.[14][15][16] However a few historical underpinnings have been proposed for the name Karnataka, the by and large acknowledged one is that Karnataka is gotten from the Kannada words karu and nādu, signifying "raised land".

 Karu Nadu may likewise be perused as karu, signifying "dark" and nadu, signifying "district", as a source of perspective to the dark cotton soil found in the Bayalu Seeme locale of the state. The English utilized the word Carnatic, once in a while Karnatak, to depict the two sides of peninsular India, south of the Krishna.[17] With a vestige that dates to the paleolithic, Karnataka has been home to probably the most remarkable realms of old and middle age India.

 The savants and melodic troubadours disparaged by these domains sent off socio-strict and scholarly developments which have persevered to the current day. Karnataka has contributed essentially to the two types of Indian old style music, the Carnatic and Hindustani customs. 

The economy of Karnataka is the 6th biggest of any Indian state with ₹16.65 trillion (US$210 billion) in GDP and a for every capita Gross domestic product of ₹226,000 (US$2,800).[4] Karnataka has the nineteenth-most noteworthy positioning among Indian states in Human Improvement IndexKarnataka's pre-history returns to a paleolithic hand-hatchet culture proved by revelations of, in addition to other things, hand tomahawks and blades in the region.[18] Proof of neolithic and massive societies have likewise been tracked down in the state.

 Gold found in Harappa was viewed as imported from mines in Karnataka, provoking researchers to estimate about contacts between antiquated Karnataka and the Indus Valley civilisation ca. 3300 BCE.[19][20] Preceding the third century BCE, a large portion of Karnataka framed piece of the Nanda Realm prior to going under the Mauryan domain of Ruler Ashoka. 

Four centuries of Satavahana rule observed, permitting them to control enormous areas of Karnataka. The decay of Satavahana power prompted the ascent of the earliest local realms, the Kadambas and the Western Gangas, denoting the district's rise as an autonomous political substance. 

The Kadamba Tradition, established by Mayurasharma, had its capital at Banavasi;[21][22] the Western Ganga Line was framed with Talakad as its capital.These were likewise the principal realms to involve Kannada in organization, as confirmed by the Halmidi engraving and a fifth-century copper coin found at Banavasi.[25][26] These traditions were trailed by majestic Kannada domains, for example, the Badami Chalukyas,[27][28] the Rashtrakuta Domain of Manyakheta[29][30] and the Western Chalukya Empire,[31][32] which managed over huge pieces of the Deccan and had their capitals in what is presently Karnataka. 

The Western Chalukyas belittled a novel style of design and Kannada writing which turned into a forerunner to the Hoysala craft of the twelfth century.[33][34] Parts of current Southern Karnataka (Gangavadi) were involved by the Chola Domain at the turn of the eleventh century.[35] The Cholas and the Hoysalas battled about the district in the mid twelfth 100 years before it at last went under Hoysala rule