Introduction

On 27 November 1895, Alfred Nobel signed his closing will, giving the biggest proportion of his fortune to a sequence of prizes in physics, chemistry, body structure or medication, literature and peace – the Nobel Prizes. 

Thus, for that reason Nobel Prize began out in 1901. In 1968, Sveriges Riksbank (Sweden’s principal bank) hooked up The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. Thus, there are actually six categories now. 

History of Awards and Interesting Facts:

From 1901 to 2021, 943 people and 25 groups obtained 609 Nobel Prizes. There have been forty nine years all through this time that Nobel Prize couldn't be provided, primarily all through World War I and II. The youngest Nobel Prize winner turned into Malala Yousafzai (17 Years) for Peace from Pakistan, even as oldest winner turned into John B. Goodenough (ninety seven years) for Chemistry from Germany. 

Two Noble Prize laureates declined the prize (Jean-Paul Sartre in 1964 for Literature and Le Duc Tho in 1973 for Peace). There have been 4 Nobel Prize laureates that had been pressured through government to say no the Nobel Prize. Linus Pauling is the simplest individual to had been provided two unshared Nobel Prizes – the 1954 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and the 1962 Nobel Peace Prize. The Curies have been a totally successful ‘Nobel Prize family’. Marie Curie herself turned into provided  Nobel Prizes. Her husband (Peirre Curie) and daughter (Irene Joliot-Curie) too, were given Noble Prize for Physics and Chemistry.

Categories of Nobel Prize:

- Physics Prize:
Physics turned into the prize region which Alfred Nobel stated first in his will from 1895. His personal studies were also closely tied to physics. The Nobel Prize in Physics is provided through the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden. So far, 116 Physics Prizes had been provided to 222 laureates, which include four women. The youngest laureate turned into of 25 years even as the  oldest one turned into of ninety six years. 

- Chemistry Prize:

Chemistry turned into the maximum essential technological know-how for Alfred Nobel’s personal paintings. The improvement of his innovations in addition to the commercial approaches he hired have been primarily based upon chemical knowledge. Chemistry turned into the second prize region that Nobel stated in his will. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry is provided through the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden. So far, 114 Chemistry Prizes had been provided to 191 laureates, which include eight women. The youngest laureate turned into of 35 years even as the oldest one turned into of ninety seven years.

- Medicine Prize:

Alfred Nobel had a lively hobby of clinical studies. Through Karolina Institutet, he got here into touch with Swedish physiologist Jöns Johansson around 1890. Johansson labored in Nobel’s laboratory in Sevran, France all through a short length the equal year. Physiology or medication turned into the third prize region Nobel stated in his will.The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is provided through the Nobel Assembly at Karolina Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. So far, 113 Medicine Prizes had been provided to 225 laureates, which include 12 women. The youngest laureate turned into of 32 years even as the oldest one turned into of 87 years.

- Literature Prize:

Alfred Nobel had extensive cultural hobbies. During his early youth, he evolved his literary hobbies which lasted at some stage in his lifestyles. His library consisted of a wealthy and extensive choice of literature in one-of-a-kind languages. During the closing years of his lifestyles, he attempted his hand as an writer and started out writing fiction. Literature turned into the fourth prize region Nobel stated in his will. The Nobel Prize in Literature is provided through the Swedish Academy, Stockholm, Sweden. So far, a hundred and fifteen Literature Prizes had been provided to 119 laureates, which include 17 women. The youngest laureate turned into of forty one years even as the oldest one turned into of 88 years.

- Peace Prize:

Alfred Nobel confirmed a large hobby in social problems and engaged within side the peace motion. His acquaintance with Bertha von Suttner, who turned into a riding pressure within side the global peace motion in Europe and later provided the Peace Prize, stimulated his perspectives on peace. Peace turned into the 5th and very last prize region that Nobel stated in his will. The Nobel Peace Prize is provided through a committee elected through the Norwegian Parliament (Stortinget). So far, 103 Peace Prizes had been provided to one hundred forty laureates, which include 18 women. The youngest laureate turned into of 17 years even as the oldest one turned into of 87 years.

- Prize in Economic Sciences:

In 1968, Sveriges Riksbank (Sweden’s principal bank) hooked up the Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, founding father of the Nobel Prize. The prize is primarily based on a donation obtained through the Nobel Foundation in 1968 from Sveriges Riksbank at the event of the bank’s three hundredth anniversary. The prize in financial sciences is provided through the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden. So far, fifty three Economic Sciences Prize had been provided to 89 laureates, which include 2 women. The youngest laureate turned into of forty six years even as oldest one turned into of ninety years.

Nobel Prize Medal, Diploma and Amount:

At the Nobel Prize award ceremonies on 10 December the Nobel Prize laureates acquire 3 things: a Nobel Prize degree, a Nobel Prize medal and a report confirming the Nobel Prize quantity. Each Nobel Prize degree is a completely unique paintings of art, created through major Swedish and Norwegian artists and calligraphers. The Nobel Prize medals are hand-crafted with cautious precision and in 18 carat recycled gold. The Nobel Prize quantity for 2022 is ready at Swedish kronor (SEK) 10 million (nearly US$ 89,000) in keeping with complete Nobel Prize. The word “laureate” refers to being signified through the laurel wreath.

2022 Nobel Prize Winners:

- Physics Laureates :

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2022 turned into being provided to Alain Aspect (from France), John F. Clauser (from America) and Anton Zeilinger (from Austria)  “for experiments with entangled photons, organising the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum records technological know-how”. Their consequences have cleared the manner for brand spanking new generation based totally upon quantum records.

-  Chemistry Laureates:

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2022 turned into being provided to Carolyn R. Bertozzi (from America), Morten Meldal (from Denmark) and K. Barry Sharpless (from America) “for the improvement of click on chemistry and bio orthogonal chemistry”. Sharpless and Meldal have laid the inspiration for a practical shape of chemistry – click on chemistry – wherein molecular constructing blocks snap collectively speedy and efficiently. Bertozzi has taken click on chemistry to a brand new measurement and began out using it in dwelling organisms.

- Medicine Laureate:

The Nobel Assembly on the Karolinska Institutet has determined to award the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to Svante Pääbo (from Sweden) “for his discoveries regarding the genomes of extinct hominins and human evolution”. Importantly, Pääbo additionally determined that gene switch had happened from those now extinct hominins to Homo sapiens following the migration out of Africa round 70,000 years ago. This historical float of genes to present-day human beings has physiological relevance today, as an instance affecting how our immune machine reacts to infections.

- Literature Laureate:

The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2022 is provided to the French writer Annie Ernaux “for the braveness and medical acuity with which she uncovers the roots, estrangements and collective restraints of private memory”. In her writing, Ernaux continuously examines a lifestyle marked through robust disparities concerning gender, language and class. Her direction to authorship turned into lengthy and arduous.

- Peace Laureate:

The 2022 Nobel Peace Prize is provided to human rights propose Ales Bialiatski from Belarus,by the Russian human rights corporation  Memorial and the Ukrainian human rights corporation Center for Civil Liberties.


The Nobel Prize is the most prestigious award in the world, and the recipients of the award are some of the most accomplished scientists and researchers in history. In 2022, we can expect to see some of the most groundbreaking research being recognized with a Nobel Prize. The recipients’ fields of study may vary, but their work will undoubtedly be groundbreaking.