Answer:

Data classification is the process of classifying data based on its sensitivity, value, or importance to the organization. It helps in determining appropriate Security controls, access levels, and handling procedures for different types of data.

Answer:

A Certificate Authority issues digital certificates used in public key infrastructure. It is a trusted entity that verifies the identity of individuals, organizations, or devices and binds their public keys to their identities, providing a mechanism for secure communication and authentication.

Answer:

A security incident response plan is a documented set of procedures and guidelines that outline how an organization will respond to and manage security incidents. It provides a structured approach to minimize the impact of incidents, mitigate risks, and restore normal operations. Having an incident response plan is essential to ensure a synchronized and effective response to security incidents, reducing downtime and potential damage.

Answer:

Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is beneficial for detecting intrusions. The administrator should be careful while preventing the intrusion Whereas in the Intrusion Prevention System (IPS), the system finds the intrusion and prevents it.

Answer:

Important elements of cybersecurity are:

• Information security
• Operational security
• End-user education
• Application security
• Network security
• Business continuity planning

Answer:

A brute force attack employs a trial-and-error approach to discover the correct password or PIN. Hackers systematically attempt all possible combinations of credentials. Mostly, these attacks are automated, with software attempting to log in using various credentials. There exist several methods to prevent brute force attacks, including:

• Setting a minimum password length.
• Enhancing password complexity.
• Imposing restrictions on the number of login failures.

Answer:

Seven different layers of OSI models are as follows:

• Network Layers Diagram
• Physical Layer
• Data Link Layer
• Session Layer
• Presentation Layer
• Application Layer
• Network Layer
• Transport Layer

Answer:

A Virtual Private Network (VPN) refers to a network connection technique that establishes an encrypted and secure connection. It acts as a protective shield, safeguarding data from unwanted interference, snooping, and censorship.

Answer:

Black hat hackers are individuals with extensive knowledge in exploiting network security vulnerabilities. These hackers possess the ability to create malware with the intention of personal financial gain or other malicious motives. They infiltrate secure networks to manipulate, steal, or destroy data, rendering the network inaccessible to authorized users.

Answer:

White hat hackers, also known as security specialists, specialize in penetration testing and play a crucial role in safeguarding an organization’s information systems. Their objective is to identify vulnerabilities and weaknesses in the system’s defenses.

Answer:

Grey hat hackers are computer hackers who occasionally breach ethical standards but lack malicious intent. They operate in a somewhat ambiguous ethical territory, as they may engage in activities that are technically unauthorized or questionable but without harmful intentions.

Answer:

There are numerous ways to reset BIOS password such as

• Remove CMOS battery.
• By utilizing the software.
• By utilizing a motherboard jumper.
• By utilizing MS-DOS.

Answer:

In a MITM or Man-in-the-Middle attack, the attacker intercepts communication between two persons. Their main intention gain unauthorized access to confidential information. By intercepting and potentially altering the communication flow, the attacker can eavesdrop on sensitive data, such as login passes, financial information, or personal details.

Answer:

The primary distinction between SSL and TLS lies in the authentication of the sender’s identity. SSL enables you to verify the identity of the individual you are communicating with, thereby facilitating tracking and ensuring trustworthiness. On the other hand, TLS establishes a secure communication channel between two clients, prioritizing the confidentiality and integrity of the data being transmitted.

Answer:

CSRF stands for Cross-Site Request Forgery.

Answer:

TFA or Two Factor Authentication is a security process to identify the individual accessing an online account. This process requires the user to provide evidence, typically through an authentication device, in order to gain access. Only after successfully presenting the required authentication factors will the user be granted access to the account.

Answer:

Web Application Firewall (WAF) is an acronym that stands for Web Application Firewall. Its purpose is to safeguard web applications by filtering and monitoring the traffic that flows between the application and the internet. By analyzing incoming and outgoing traffic, a WAF can identify and block potentially malicious requests, thus providing an additional layer of protection against common web-based attacks. The WAF serves as a defensive barrier, helping to mitigate risks and ensure the security and integrity of web applications.

Answer:

Hacking is a process of finding vulnerabilities in computer systems or private networks to exploit those vulnerabilities and gain access.

For example, password cracking technique can give unauthorized access to a system.

Answer:

A hacker is an individual who possesses the expertise to identify and exploit vulnerabilities in computer systems, smartphones, tablets, or networks for the purpose of gaining unauthorized access. Hackers are typically highly skilled computer programmers with extensive knowledge in the field of computer security. Their expertise allows them to navigate through security measures and exploit weaknesses in order to access sensitive information or manipulate systems for various purposes.

Answer:

Network sniffing refers to the practice of capturing and analyzing data packets transmitted over a network. It involves utilizing specialized software programs or hardware equipment designed for this purpose. Network sniffing serves various purposes, including:

• Capture sensitive information such as password.
• Eavesdrop on chat conversations
• Monitor or inspect data package over a network