About:

Bali meet was the meeting of 19 Countries that are party to a UN treaty on climate change held in December 2007

Objectives:

• The treaty’s aim was to push the world towards taking action that reduces the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which can cause climate change.
• It was to discuss what happens after 2012. What are countries expected to do after the first phase of Kyoto ends in 2012.
• As per developed countries, after 2012, even the Developing Countries like India and China, which are increasing their emissions as they grow economically, also undertake some kind of emission cuts. This meant a complete overhaul of the existing UN treaty.
• In Bali, the nations have decided upon a new set of principles that will, help the countries decide a post-2012.

Bali Roadmap:

• The participating nations adapted the Bali Road Map as two-year process to finalizing a binding agreement in 2009 in Copenhagen.

The Bali Road Map includes;

• The Bali Action Plan (BAP).
• The Ad Hoc working group on further commitments for Annex-I parties under The Kyoto protocol negotiations and their 2009 deadline,
• Launch of the adaptation fund,
• Decisions on technology transfer and
• On reducing emissions from deforestation.

Bali Action Plan:

Cutting emissions:

The participating nations acknowledged that evidence for global warming was unequivocal, and that humans must reduce emissions to reduce the risks of “severe climate change impacts”. The urgency in addressing climate change was accepted. There was a strong consensus for updated changes for both developed and developing countries. Although there were not specific numbers agreed upon in order to cut emissions, the decision recognized that there was a need for “deep cuts in global emissions” (several countries proposed 100% reductions by 2050) and that “developed country emissions must fall 10-40% by 2020”.

Mitigation:

Enhanced action on mitigation of climate change includes, inter alia:

• Nationally appropriate mitigation commitments or actions by all developed countries.
• Nationally appropriate mitigation actions (NAMAs) by developing countries.
• Cooperative sectorial approaches and sector-specific actions (CSAs).
• Ways to strengthen the catalytic role of the convention.

Forests:

The nations pledge “policy approaches and positive incentives” on issues relating to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) in developing countries; and enhancement of forest carbon stock in developing countries This paragraph is referred to as “REDD-plus”.

Adaptation:

Participants agreed on enhanced co-operation to “support urgent implementation” of measures to protect poorer countries against climate change, including National Adaptation Programmes of Action (NAPAs).

Technology:

In technology development and transfer, the nations will consider how to facilitate the transfer of clean and renewable energy technologies from industrialized nations to the developing countries. This includes, inter alia:

• Removal of obstacles to, and provision of financial and other incentives for, scaling up the development and transfer of technology to developing country Parties in order to promote access to affordable environmentally sound technologies (renewable energies, electric vehicles).
• Ways to accelerate the deployment, diffusion and transfer of such technologies.
• Cooperation on research and development of current, new and innovative technology, including win-win solutions.
• The effectiveness of mechanism and tools for technology cooperation in specific sectors.

Finance:

Provision of financial resources and investment includes:

• Improved access to predictable and sustainable financial resources and the provision of new and additional resources, including official and concessional funding for developing country Parties (dcP).
• Positive incentives for dcP for national mitigation strategies and adaptation action.
• Innovative means of funding for dcP that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change in meeting the costs of adaptation.
• Incentivisation of adaptation actions on the basis of sustainable development policies.
• Mobilization of funding and investment, including facilitation of climate-friendly investment choices.
• Financial and technical support for capacity-building in the assessment of costs of adaptation in developing countries, to aid in determining their financial needs.

Ad Hoc Working Groups:

The Conference decided to establish two subsidiary bodies under the Convention to conduct the process, the Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-term Cooperative Action (AWG-LCA) and the Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Commitments for Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol (AWG-KP), which were to complete their work in 2009 and present the outcome to the COP15/MOP 5.

The AWG-LCA and AWG-KP presented draft conclusions to COP15 and CMP5, which contained many unresolved issues. The working groups were subsequently asked to report to COP16 and CMP6 in Cancun, Mexico.

Timescales:

Four major UNFCCC meetings to implement the Bali Road Map were planned for 2008, with the first to be held in either March or April and the second in June, with the third in either August or September followed by a major meeting in Poznan, Poland in December 2008. The negotiation process was scheduled to conclude at the United Nations Climate Change Conference 2009 in Copenhagen.

The post BALI MEET appeared first on IAS Easy.