Introduction

Very large scale integration is a process of creating an integrated circuit by combining million of MOS transistors onto a single chip. Vlsi began in the 1970’s when MOS integrated circuits chip were widely adopted, enabling complex Semiconductor and telecommunication technologies to be developed. The first integrated circuit was developed by” jack st.clair Kilby” successfully who was an engineer in Texas instrument we can also name integrated circuit as microchip, microelectronic circuit.

SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR VLSI:

The important software tools are “Synopsys, Cadence, Mentor graphics ,Xilinx, Keysight ADS, Keysight IC-Cap, Synopsys advanced TCAD, Silvaco TCAD 3D, Silvaco AMS, Quantumwise ATK.

“THE WRITER MUST UNDERSTAND THAT HE DOES NOT CREATE- HE MATERIALIZES”

“

THE LATEST TECHNOLOGIES IN VLSI:

CMOS has become the prevailing technology due to its high speed and packing density coupled with low power consumption. New technologies have emerged to further increase circuit speed and to reduce design and technology constraints.

SYSTEM DESIGN CYCLE:

We can design the process for any system components as algorithm level, architecture level, logical level and circuit.http://system design cycle for VLSI

TRANSISTOR MODELLING:

The transistor models are characterized by figure of merit that depends on performance, level of integration and cost .These are further influenced by a number of other factors includes minimum factor size, number of gates, power dissipation, gate delay, testing, reliability and production cost.

MOS (METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR) TECHNOLOGY:

MOS technology later called as CSG, was a semiconductor design and fabrication company in the united states. MOS technology is famous for it’s 6502 microprocessor and various designs for commodore internationals range of home computers within the bounds of MOS technology, the possible circuit realizations may be based on PMOS, NMOS, CMOS, BICMOS devices

“one day,pmos fell in love with nmos,nmos got attached to pmos and they decided to combine.pmos pulled up,nmos pulled down,year later vlsi was born,and then the history was made”

TYPES OF MOS TECHNOLOGIES:

1. NMOS: N-type metal-oxide semiconductor logic uses n-type MOSFET’S to implement logic gates and other digital circuits. Those nMos transistors operate by creating inversion layer in a p-type transistor body. This inversion layer, called the n-channel can conduct electrons between n type “source” and “drain” terminals.http://NMOS circuit diagram.
2. PMOS: PMOS is a type of digital circuit constructed using metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistors with a p-type semiconductor source and drain printed on a bulk n-type.http://PMOS circuit diagram.
3. CMOS: Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor also known as complementary symmetry metal-oxide semiconductor .It is defined as type of metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor(MOSFET) fabrication process that uses complementary and symmetrical pairs of p-type & n-type MOSFET’S logic functions.http://CMOS circuit diagram.
4. BICMOS: It is a semiconductor technology that integrates two formerly separate semiconductor technologies, those of bipolar junction transistor and CMOS gate in a single integrated circuit device.http://BICMOS circuit diagram.

“Knowledge comes , but wisdom lingers”

CONCLUSION:

THE REAL WORLD OF VLSI DESIGN:

The preceding content of this blog have been intended to give the reader an understanding way of ” preamble to VLSI”.

“you cannot create experience in vlsi -you must undergo it. “

“practice what you preach(vlsi)”