- Extensive land in the Aljazera state where irrigation farming is done.
- Abundant water supply from the Blue and White Nile that is used in irrigation
- Fertile alluvial soils deposited by the Blue Nile in the Gezira valley that supports the growth of crops.
- Occasional flooding between the White and Blue Nile bringing not only silt but also excess water
- Arid climatic pattern with rainfall of between 200 to 300 mm that necessitated irrigation for proper plant growth
- Aridity that limits the survival of pests and disease vectors
- Desert like vegetation of basically grassland that was easy to clear
- Gently sloping and low altitude land which was conducive for natural water flow
- Land is basically above the water table which prevents water logging hence proper crop growth.
- Sparse population in the Aljazera state provided extensive land for cultivation
- Abundant labor by the Fellahins and migrant labor for planting and harvesting of crops.
- Adequate/large sums of capital from the government for buying machinery, farm inputs, etc
- Ready market potential within and outside Sudan
- Positive government policy that encouraged the utilizing of marginalized desert land so as to improve on the normadic way of life of the Fellahins
- Improved transport and communication network especially the railway line linking the scheme to towns like Barakat, Sennar, Khartoum, WadiHiafa, etc
- Rampant industrial growth and development where cotton was needed as a raw material e.g. textile industries at Marangani, Hasa-Heis and Barakat
- Advanced level of technology in irrigation science like overhead lining and Archimedean screw methods
- High demand for food by the people of Sudan which called for large scale food production through irrigation.
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