What are Meristematic Tissues? Class 9 Science Chapter 6 – Tissues

Plant tissues are of two types on the basis of their dividing capacity:-
1.Meristematic tissue (growing tissue)
2. Permanent tissue

Here we will discuss Meristematic Tissue

 MERISTEMATIC TISSUE

• These are living tissues which are composed of immature cells that are capable of division throughout life.
• These tissues are found in growing regions of plants.
• Cells have a thin cell wall.
• Cells contain dense cytoplasm and do not have vacuoles.
• Cells contain prominent and large nucleus.

Cells are metabolically highly active, so store food is absent.

Cells are compactly arranged because they do not have intercellular spaces.

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A function of meristematic tissue: – Meristematic tissue is responsible for the growth in length and width (girth) of the plant body.

Classification of meristematic tissue

On the basis of their location, meristematic tissues are of three types.

(i) Apical meristem: It is present at the growing tips of stems and roots.

They are responsible for the increase in the length of plant organs.

They divide continuously and help in increasing the length of plants, a cell of meristematic tissues are similar in structure and have thin cellulose cell wall.

Cells are spherical, oval, polygonal or rectangular in shape, compactly arranged, no intercellular spaces, single large nucleus, and dense cytoplasm, few or no vacuole. These tissues are growth tissues and are found in regions of plants that grow.

1) Apical: Present at the tip of roots and stem i.e. root apex and stem apex, it brings about elongation of root and stem, increases the height of plant (Primary growth)

2) lateral: Found beneath the bark(called cambium) and in vascular bundles of dicot root and stems.

cambium is the region which is responsible for growth in thickness.

It causes the stem or root to increase in diameter and girth, known as secondary growth.

3) Intercalary: Present at the base of leaves or internodes, they increase the length of the organ.

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