The principle of Phase Transfer catalysis (also known as PTC) is brought forth well by Reuben and Sjoberg (1981). PTC methodology is widely applicable to heterocyclic compounds. Most of such reactions were carried out under traditional conditions before using PTC. But today PTC is widely used to increase Reaction rates because it increases the purity of products. Moreover, it provides a much simpler procedure for the reactions. In India, Tatvachintan Pharma is the best pharma chemical manufacturer for Phase Transfer catalyst.
Application of Phase Transfer catalyst:
Application of Phase Transfer catalyst:
1. PTC is used to increase reaction rates, sometimes leading to enhanced selectivity.
2. They increase reliability and flexibility.
3. They have viability in the presence of water.
4. They have the ability to use NaOH as a base.
5. It is better than sodium methoxide which is more expensive and hazardous.
6. They are compatible with a broad range of solvents.
Most important characteristic of PTC is the acceleration of reaction between reagents and solvents. We can understand the acceleration reaction of phase transfer catalyst with the following examples:
Example: Nucleophilic aliphatic substitution reaction of an aqueous sodium cyanide solution with an ethereal solution of 1-bromooctane
This reaction does not readily occur. 1-bromooctane is poorly soluble in the aqueous cyanide solution. Also, sodium cyanide does not dissolve in water. On addition of small amounts of hexadecyltributylphosphonium bromide, a rapid reaction ensues to give nonyl nitrile.
C8H17Br(org) + NaCN(aq) → C8H17CN(org) + NaBr(aq) (catalyzed by a R4P+Br− PTC)
If "quat salts" is used to convert alkali metal cations into hydrophobic cations then this reaction can be completed rapidly.
We can understand the acceleration reaction of PTC by studying its mechanism.
Mechanism of Phase Transfer Catalysis
Phase-transfer catalyzed reactions always involve at least two steps:
(1) Firstly, the transfer of one reagent from its ground phase into the second phase as an intermediate.
(2) Secondly, a reaction of the transferred reagent with the non-transferred reagent, for example, the alkylation of phenylacetonitrile with alkyl halide using aqueous NaOH as a base and tetrabutylammonium halide (QX) as a catalyst can be formulated.
PhaseTransfer Catalyst finds its application in many industries. So it is important to maintain the quality of this product. There are very few companies in India who are capable of delivering the best pharma product. Tatva Chintan Pharma Chem is one such renowned company committed to doing world-class research that develops innovative products. They are the biggest suppliers of pharma products in India.
This post first appeared on Cetrimide | Phase Transfer Catalyst | Tetraethylammonium Tetrafluoroborate, please read the originial post: here
