A lot of industries making goods use different chemicals in order to create several types of products and items. Phase Transfer Catalyst is one of the chemical that is widely used by different industries. Phase Transfer Catalyst is a well known as most used item in chemical as well as pharmaceutical industry. It’s amazing used and benefits make it even more important and increase its demand. Every successful chemical and pharmaceutical industry uses PTC in manufacturing different useful chemicals, drugs and medicines. However, below are 5 top facts that you must know about Phase Transfer Catalyst.
- The foundations of PTC were laid in the late 1960s and early 1970s from the studies of Makosza(1975), Starks(1971), and Brandstrom(1977). Starks is believed to have coined the phrase phase transfer catalysis, and although some would tend to disagree with calling the PT cycle a catalytic process in the true sense of the word catalysis, the terminology has been well established and stays, especially since only catalytic amounts of the phase-transfer agents are required for effective phase-transfer action.
- It is estimated that Phase Transfer Catalyst is used in as many as 500 commercial processes, with sales of products manufactured by processes consisting of at least one major PTC step being at least $10 billion a year, with wide ranging applications in the pharmaceuticals, agro-based chemicals, and polymer industries.
- Despite wide-scale applications of PTC reactions in the presence of a base, the mechanism of these reactions is not clear. PTC systems operate via different mechanisms in the presence of bases (Makosza, 1977). However, it is an established fact that in most cases it does not involve the transfer of OH- by the quat as a Q+OH- complex, since Q+OH is highly hydrophilic and has very limited solubility in the organic phase. Alkylation reactions that have been proposed to be mediated through a Q +OH- intermediate probably involve reaction between Q’OH- and the organic substrate at the liquid-liquid interface.
- Phase Transfer Catalyst plays an important role as a synthetic agent in the field of Pharmaceuticals such as for the synthesis of various drugs like dicyclonine, phenoperidine, oxaladine, ritaline, etc.
- Although capsule membrane PTC is not suitable for direct scale-up to industrial level due to the inconveniences of working with capsules, the principles can be exploited in membrane reactors, with the PT catalyst immobilized on the membrane surface. This would not only enable easy recovery of both aqueous and organic phases after reaction without any problems of emulsification, but also ensure that the Phase Transfer Catalyst does not contaminate the product in the organic phase.
PTC Usage and implications:
Along with the great demand of PTC in the chemical industries, it can also be used for the synthesis process for fine chemicals manufacture including the agro-chemicals, pharmaceutical, paper, dyes and so on.It plays a important role as a synthetic agent in the field of Pharmaceuticals such as for the synthesis of variousdrugs like dicyclonine, phenoperidine, oxaladine, ritaline, etc. The Polymeric bonded PTC can be used for the determination of cyanide, iodide, nitrite, sulphide and thiocyanate, led to easy layer separation and PTC-free injection of the sample into the chromatograph.
Phase Transfer Catalysis (PTC) is likewise utilized as a part of the commercial manufacturing of more than $10 billion of chemicals each year. PTC is likewise utilized as a part of prevention of pollution, its treatment and for the impurities removal in waste and product streams. The demand of PTC is increased in the chemical industries due to several convincing advantages it provides, especially for lessening the cost in making organic chemical as well as pollution prevention.
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