There is a now-or-never situation on our planet when people are taking potable water (base of our existence) for granted. Although as students, we have known that 71% of our planet is covered with water, 97% of it is unfit for drinking, remaining 3% is available as freshwater but out of which only about 0.01% of it is accessible, we keep forgetting. All the more, being aware of the fact that a major part of freshwater has been polluted by human activities, and more importantly, millions are struggling to get water, we still squander.

Unfortunately, this scenario is leading the world towards a disastrous water crisis with the additional burden of waterborne diseases and climate change. Hence, this is the time when the most ideal solution in the form of water Treatment can come to rescue.

Water treatment or water purification can play a huge role in meeting the drastically increasing water demands of the human population. It can solve a greater part of the water crisis by treating the used water and bringing back for use with the drinking quality replenished. There is much more to understand, with a glimpse of its practical procedure and benefits discussed further.

Standard Process Involved In The Water Treatment

The technology for water treatment has improved over time and has come up with a standard treatment process that can make the wastewater suitable for our daily needs. Different plants and industries may use slightly different water treatment customised to their needs. More or less, the basic principles of the treatment are same which includes:

Step 1: Pre-treatment

As the name suggests, this stage is performed to get rid of the waste that can be collected easily including debris, leaves, trash etc. It involves three substages which are Screening, Grit Removal and Fat or Grease Removal. Screening is used to remove large object like twigs, leaves and cans from the sewage stream. Screening may not be performed if groundwater is used, which already goes through the natural screening function i.e the different layers of earth.

Step 2: Coagulation and Flocculation

At this stage, alum or polymer is mixed with the untreated water which causes the minute particles of dirt in the water to adhere together leading to coagulation. Now, the coagulated particles further adhere together forming heavier particles called flocs that settle at the bottom.

Step 3: Sedimentation

Now, the water slowly enters the sedimentation basins where the heavy floc particles settle to the bottom and are called sludge. The sludge is then directed towards the surface-aerated basins or drying lagoons for removal.

Step 4: Filtration

The filtration process consists of filters made of thick layers of sand and gravel or sometimes crushed anthracite which helps in trapping the suspended particles in the water. This process ensures that the next process of disinfection is carried out effectively.

Step 5: Disinfection

At this stage, the water flows into a closed tank where it is disinfected to kill any disease-causing bacteria, viruses and parasites. There may be different disinfectants used for purifying, but the most common is chlorine due to its effective action against biological contamination. Apart from the chemical method, physical and biological methods are also used in water treatment.

Step 6: Fluoridation

Fluoridation is a process where the free fluoride ions are added to water in controlled concentration so as to make it effective for reducing dental caries. Water fluoridation is done before supplying the water to the community.

Step 7: pH Correction

If the water contains low levels of pH, it may damage the distribution system and the plumbing pipes. To eliminate this problem, lime is added to the filtered water to optimise the pH concentration in the soft water.

After the final step of water treatment is achieved, the water may be tested to meet the federal water quality guidelines before distribution in the community. The water analysis procedure involves inspection for the presence of various kinds of contaminants including unsafe concentrations of organic, inorganic, microbial and radioactive elements.
Healthful Benefits Of Water Treatment

As a matter of fact, water treatment has all the positive aspects so that it could be rendered inevitable for the global community which is already on the verge of the global water crisis. Some of them are discussed below:

1. Protection against diseases

Untreated water is most likely to be polluted with waterborne microorganisms that may cause common symptoms like diarrhoea, dysentery, vomiting or serious health problems like cholera, hepatitis and typhoid. Water treatment ensures that the water supplied to us is void of any disease-causing pathogens making it safe to drink.

2. Protection against toxic metals

Polluted water often contains certain minerals like lead and copper which are fatal when consumed by us. Even traces of such minerals can lead to developmental delays and learning disabilities in children. Water treatment uses filtration systems and chemical methods to remove such toxic elements from the water.

3. Preservation of efficiency in appliances

Bad quality water or hard water tends to degrade the efficiency of appliances used for domestic as well as commercial purpose. Water treatment enhances the quality of water, softens it and keeps your appliances in the best possible condition. For example, water heaters become more efficient.

4. Enhancement of taste

Water treatment not just purifies water but also enhances its taste. The treatment procedure eliminates the earthy flavours and odours that come from organic materials. Hence, it makes drinking water more tasteful and refreshing.

5. Protects the environment

First and foremost, the treated water ensures that our remaining water resources are not depleting. Additionally, it enables consumers to drink directly from the tap instead of spending on bottled water that increases plastic waste as well as pollution. Whether it is wastewater treatment or just water treatment, it indirectly protects the environment from further disruption.

The traditional biological wastewater treatment eats up massive amounts of electricity and consumes a vast land area. Besides, it also demands a huge total cost of operation, electrical and mechanical equipment. On the contrary, the new water treatment systems that are based on latest technology, significantly reduce the power consumption, overall cost of operation and the need for vast lands and electromechanical equipment. Here are some of the new era products listed on Projectlink.

Water Treatment Essentials On Projectlink

1. ADS HDPE Pipe

These are environmentally friendly pipes custom-made for advanced water supply systems. With improved design and quick installation option, it makes it ideal for civil, rail and road applications.

2. Water Treatment Systems

This is an all-around product for the treatment of any type of process water to make it fit for drinking purpose. The product serves as an effective solution for commercial and industrial sectors in Australia while being compliant with the local regulations.

3. Water Recycling Systems

This system provides the commercial sector to treat the stormwater, rainwater or greywater in order to make it safe for reuse. The product has a relatively small footprint and requires no expensive financial and environmental obligations.

4. Membrane Bio Reactor (MBR)

This is a highly advanced wastewater treatment product that combines two well-proven methods of biological degradation and membrane separation. The product is available for quick installation at minimal costs.

5. Quick Break Detergents & Degreasers

If you are looking for versatile yet environmentally friendly surfactant that can remove oil and dirt including grease, hydrocarbons soils from the water, look no further than the Quick Break Detergents & Degreasers. The product offers quick and premium quality cleaning while maintaining the optimal performance of the water treatment equipment.

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