For many people, throwing back a couple of antacids following a spicy dinner is the go-to remedy for alleviating heartburn. However, a new study conducted by researchers at the University of Maryland suggests there may be another unexpected and painful consequence.
The findings indicate that individuals who use acid-reducing medications might have a heightened susceptibility to experiencing migraines.
These medications include histamine H2-receptor antagonists, like cimetidine and famotidine, Proton Pump Inhibitors, such as omeprazole and esomeprazole, and antacid supplements.
It’s crucial to note that the researchers aren’t claiming to have found definitive evidence that acid-reducing medications directly cause migraines. However, the team observed a correlation.
Acid reflux occurs when stomach acid moves into the esophagus, typically happening after a meal or when people lie down. Individuals with Acid Reflux commonly suffer symptoms like heartburn and ulcers.
Persistent acid reflux can also progress to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), potentially raising the risk of esophageal cancer.
“Given the wide usage of acid-reducing drugs and these potential implications with migraine, these results warrant further investigation,” said Margaret Slavin, one of the study’s authors.
“These drugs are often considered to be overprescribed, and new research has shown other risks tied to long-term use of proton pump inhibitors, such as an increased risk of dementia.”
For this study, the researchers analyzed data from 11,818 individuals. The participants disclosed their usage of acid-reducing medications and whether they experienced migraines or severe headaches in the preceding three months.
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Among the participants, 25% of those using proton pump inhibitors reported experiencing migraines or severe headaches, in contrast to 19% of non-users. Similarly, 25% of individuals taking H2 blockers experienced severe headaches, compared to 20% of non-users.
Lastly, 22% of those consuming antacid supplements reported experiencing severe headaches, as opposed to 20% of non-consumers.
Once the team accounted for other potential factors that might impact migraine risks, such as age, gender, and consumption of alcohol or caffeine, they found that individuals using proton pump inhibitors had a 70% higher likelihood of experiencing migraines compared to non-users.
Additionally, people using H2 blockers were 40% more likely; meanwhile, individuals taking antacid supplements had a 30% higher likelihood.
“It’s important to note that many people do need acid-reducing medications to manage acid reflux or other conditions, and people with migraine or severe headache who are taking these drugs or supplements should talk with their doctors about whether they should continue,” Slavin explained.
She also emphasized how this study exclusively focused on prescription medications. So, while some of the medications studied transitioned to over-the-counter availability at non-prescription strengths during the study period, the usage of these over-the-counter drugs was not considered in the study.
Furthermore, previous research has indicated that individuals with gastrointestinal issues might have an elevated propensity for migraines.
However, Slavin highlighted that this association likely doesn’t entirely explain the connection between acid-reducing medications and migraines observed in this study.
Finally, the research faced limitations due to the relatively small participant pool using the drugs, specifically H2 blockers.
To read the study’s complete findings, which have since been published in Neurology Clinic Practice, visit the link here.
