What Is The Primary Function Of The Lymphatic System – The Lymphatic system is a network of blood vessels, nodes, and channels that runs through virtually all body tissues. It allows the circulation of a fluid called lymph through the body in the same way as blood. It plays a key role in the fight against diseases.

The lymphatic system is essential for fluid balance, the absorption of fatty acids in the stomach and the regulation of the immune system.

What Is The Primary Function Of The Lymphatic System

This article describes the lymphatic system, its role in the body, and what conditions can hinder its function.

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The lymphatic system is a network of blood vessels, nodes, and channels that collect and circulate excess fluid in the body.

Lymph nodes throughout the body. These nodes swell in response to infection due to a buildup of lymphatic fluid, bacteria, or other organisms and cells of the immune system.

The lymphatic system is part of the immune system. It also maintains fluid balance and plays a role in the absorption of fats and fat-soluble nutrients.

The lymphatic system returns excess fluid and proteins from the tissues that cannot return through the blood vessels. The fluid often collects in the small spaces around the cells, known as the interstitial spaces. Small lymph capillaries connect these spaces to the lymphatic system.

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Of the plasma reaching the tissues from the arterial blood capillaries returns via the venous capillaries and veins. The remaining 10% travels through the lymphatic system.

Part of the intestinal membrane in the small intestine contains small finger-like projections called villi. Each villus contains small lymphatic capillaries known as lacteals. These absorb fats and fat-soluble vitamins to form a milky white fluid called chyle.

This fluid contains lymphatic and emulsified fats or free fatty acids. It delivers nutrients indirectly when it reaches the venous circulation. Blood capillaries take up

However, despite these defense mechanisms, pathogens often manage to invade the body. In this case, the lymphatic system ensures that the immune system can respond appropriately.

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The lymphatic system produces white blood cells called lymphocytes. There are two types of lymphocytes: T cells and B cells. They both travel through the lymphatic system.

When they reach the lymph nodes, they come into contact with viruses, bacteria and foreign particles in the lymphatic fluid.

And start defending the body. They can also produce antibodies from memory if they have already encountered the specific pathogen in the past.

The lymphatic system and the action of lymphocytes are part of the body’s adaptive immune response. These are very specific and long-lasting reactions to certain pathogens.

Lymphatic System Cleanse

Lymphatic vessels collect interstitial fluid and transport it to the lymph nodes. These nodes filter damaged cells, bacteria and other foreign bodies.

Once this fluid leaves the lymph nodes, it travels to larger blood vessels and ultimately to lymphatic ducts, which join the thoracic duct at the base of the neck.

Lymph nodes are not the only lymphatic tissues in the body. The tonsils, spleen and thymus are also lymphatic tissues.

Lymph nodes can swell for two common reasons: a response to an infection and a direct infection of the lymph nodes.

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Direct infection can cause lymphadenitis. Here, an infection causes inflammation in the lymph nodes and a person requires antibiotic treatment.

Most people who have swollen glands with a cold or flu do not need to see a doctor.

Cancer that starts in the lymphatic system is known as lymphoma. It is the most serious lymphatic disease.

Of lymphocytes in their blood called Reed-Sternberg cells. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma refers to types that do not involve these cells.

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Lymph nodes in the upper part of the body, such as the neck, chest and under the arms.

In B lymphocytes. There are many types of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. These can vary in location and how aggressive their growth is.

Cancer cells can spread from their primary location through the lymphatic system. This can cause enlargement of the lymph nodes. The most common examples are breast cancer and melanoma.

. As the fluid builds up, it can lead to swelling in an arm or leg. This is lymphedema.

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The skin may feel tight and hard and skin problems may occur. In some cases, fluid may leak through the skin.

The lymphatic system drains excess fluid that accumulates in body tissues, filters out foreign objects and transports them back to the bloodstream.

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Figure 10.1 Anatomy of the lymphatic system. Lymphatic vessels in the arms and legs transport lymph to the larger lymphatic vessels in the trunk. Van Betts, et al., 2013. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. [Image description.]

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An important function of the lymphatic system is to return the fluid (lymph) to the blood. Lymph can be thought of as recycled blood plasma. Blood pressure causes leakage of fluid from the blood capillaries, resulting in the accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space. In humans, 20 liters of plasma are released into the interstitial space of the tissues every day as a result of capillary leakage. The blood vessels reabsorb 17 liters of this interstitial fluid, leaving three liters in the tissues for the lymphatic system to transport back into the body’s circulatory system. If the lymphatic system is damaged in some way, for example by being blocked by cancer cells or destroyed by an injury, the interstitial fluid builds up in the tissue spaces, causing a condition called lymphedema.

Lymphatic capillaries, also called terminal lymphatic vessels, are blood vessels where interstitial fluid enters the lymphatic system and becomes lymph. These vessels are located in almost every tissue of the body and are interwoven between the arterioles and venules of the circulatory system in the soft connective tissues of the body. See (Figure 10.2.) Exceptions are the central nervous system, bone marrow, bones, teeth, and the cornea of ​​the eye, which do not contain lymphatic vessels.

Figure 10.2 Lymphatic capillaries. Lymphatic capillaries are intertwined with the arterioles and venules of the cardiovascular system. Collagen fibers anchor a lymphatic capillary in the tissue (inset). Interstitial fluid slides through spaces between the overlapping endothelial cells that make up the lymphatic capillary. Van Betts, et al., 2013. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. [Image description.]

The lymphatic capillaries empty into larger lymphatic vessels, which are similar to veins in terms of their three-part structure and the presence of valves. These one-way valves are located quite close together and each causes a bulge in the lymphatic vessel (see Figure 10.2).

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In general, superficial lymphatic vessels follow the same routes as veins, while deep intestinal lymphatic vessels generally follow the paths of arteries. The superficial and deep lymphatic vessels eventually fuse to form larger lymphatic structures known as lymphatic trunks. On the right side of the body, the right side of the head, thorax, and trunk of the right upper extremity drain lymphatic fluid to the right subclavian vein via the right lymphatic duct (see Figure 10.3). On the left side of the body, the trunks of the remaining parts of the body drain into the greater thoracic duct, which drains into the left subclavian vein. The thoracic duct itself begins just below the diaphragm in the cisterna chyli.

Figure 10.3 Major trunks and channels of the lymphatic system. The thoracic duct drains a much larger portion of the body than the right lymphatic duct. Van Betts, et al., 2013. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. [Image description.]

The primary lymphoid organs are the bone marrow and thymus. In the lymphoid organs, lymphocytes mature, proliferate and are selected, allowing them to attack pathogens without damaging the body’s cells.

Remember that all blood cells, including lymphocytes, are formed in the red bone marrow. The B cell undergoes almost all of its development in the red bone marrow, while the immature T cell, called a thymocyte, leaves the bone marrow and matures largely in the thymus.

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The thymus, where T cells mature, is a bilobed organ located in the space between the sternum and the aorta of the heart. Connective tissue keeps the lobes close together, but also separates them and forms a capsule.

Lymphocytes develop and mature in the primary lymphoid organs, but they trigger immune responses from the secondary lymphoid organs, including the lymph nodes, spleen, and lymphoid nodules. A naive lymphocyte is a lymphocyte that has left the primary organ, where it has learned to function immunologically, and has entered a secondary lymphoid organ where it awaits an antigen against which it will mount a response.

Lymph nodes function to remove debris and pathogens from the lymph, and

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