What Is The Main Cause Of High Blood Pressure – High Blood Pressure, or hypertension, is a condition that commonly affects many people throughout their adult lives. Patients can live with high blood pressure for several years without any obvious symptoms. However, people with high blood pressure who do not experience the condition’s most common symptoms can still suffer significant damage to their heart and blood vessels over time. If left unaddressed, high blood pressure can raise a patient’s risk of more serious conditions or medical events, particularly heart attacks and strokes. According to the Mayo Clinic, “high blood pressure usually develops over many years and, over time, affects almost everyone.” However, medical professionals can easily detect high blood pressure as well as control it with the help of prescription medications and/or positive lifestyle changes, such as a better diet or regular moderate exercise.
It is a condition that normally develops over many years. In patients with hypertension, the prolonged pressure of blood flow against the walls of the arteries is excessive enough to contribute to heart disease or other heart health problems. Blood pressure is determined by the amount of blood pumped by the heart, as well as the level of resistance that the arteries present to blood flow. Therefore, when the heart pumps more blood, the arteries become narrower, which increases resistance and, in turn, raises the individual’s blood pressure.
What Is The Main Cause Of High Blood Pressure
Typically a “silent” condition, many patients suffering from hypertension do not experience any pronounced symptoms. Additionally, “it may take years or even decades for the condition to reach levels severe enough for symptoms to become evident.” Some symptoms of more aggressive cases of high blood pressure include nosebleeds, difficulty breathing, chest pain, redness, blurred/impaired vision, heart palpitations, headaches, blood in the urine, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. The challenge is that these symptoms are commonly attributed to different health problems. However, it is essential that people suffering from any of these symptoms seek medical attention. These symptoms may actually be signs of advanced hypertension or an indication that it has progressed to an acute or fatal stage.
What To Know About High Blood Pressure As You Age
Unbeknownst to many, there are, in fact, two different types of high blood pressure. And each type has its unique causes.
Primary hypertension, or essential hypertension, develops over many years, sometimes decades. It is almost impossible to determine the exact cause of primary hypertension, as there are several factors that can contribute to it. Many patients are genetically predisposed to developing primary hypertension due to inherited genetic abnormalities or mutations. Additionally, physical changes within the body, such as changes in kidney function as a result of age or unhealthy weight fluctuations, can trigger an increase in blood pressure. Additionally, environmental factors, such as inadequate exercise and poor eating habits, can cause patients to be overweight or obese, which could increase their risk of hypertension. By the way, primary hypertension is the most common form of high blood pressure.
On the other hand, secondary hypertension usually occurs quickly, probably becoming a more critical condition and resulting in higher blood pressure than primary hypertension. Although not as common as primary hypertension, this type of hypertension is caused by additional medical problems, such as adrenal gland tumors, congenital heart defects, chronic alcohol use/abuse, kidney disease, illegal drug use, thyroid problems , side effects of medications. , obstructive sleep apnea, etc.
Patients who are at risk of developing hypertension can start taking steps today to reduce their risk levels, helping to avoid high blood pressure and the health problems that tend to follow it, particularly damage to the arteries, brain and heart. . A simple method is to introduce more nutritious foods into your diet. People are encouraged to work up to integrating ten fruits and vegetables, specifically heart-healthy vegetables, into their daily diets. In addition, it is recommended to reduce the consumption of red meat and packaged and sugar-sweetened foods. To reduce their risk of hypertension, overweight and obese patients are urged to set achievable weight loss goals that fit easily and comfortably into their daily routine.
What Are The Causes Of High Blood Pressure? What Are The Risk Factors?
However, the most effective way to avoid hypertension and any potential health problems that come with it is to detect it as early as possible. And the first step to achieve this is through regular blood pressure monitoring under the advice and assistance of a medical professional. In most cases, people have their blood pressure taken as part of their annual physical exams with their primary care doctor. From the age of 18, patients should request a blood pressure measurement at least every two years. Patients over 40 years of age or high-risk patients between 18 and 39 years of age are recommended to request an annual blood pressure reading from their doctors. But people who have already been diagnosed with hypertension or those at particularly high risk of developing additional cardiovascular disease should have blood pressure readings more frequently. Patients can also monitor their blood pressure by using blood pressure cuffs at home, as well as public blood pressure machines, usually found in pharmacies. Still, these methods have their drawbacks. Accurate blood pressure readings depend largely on proper cuff fit and proper handling of the machines.
Primary hypertension is often a silent condition that develops over several years (even decades) and seemingly comes out of nowhere. There are several environmental, genetic and physical factors that can contribute to hypertension. People looking to avoid or address hypertension, whether by setting achievable weight loss goals, integrating more fruits and vegetables into their daily diets, or even implementing prescription medications, should not do it alone. With immense knowledge of a multitude of approaches to reducing hypertension, Dr. Beheshtian is an interventional cardiologist who has treated thousands of patients in New York and beyond. She is very knowledgeable and experienced about treatment pathways for various types of cases, mild or complex, and she will work with you to develop a treatment plan that fits your health profile.
Please feel free to contact our office if you have any questions. Schedule a telehealth appointment or visit soon to see Dr. Beheshtian, who will work with you to create a care plan.
Azadeh Beheshtian is certified in cardiovascular disease and internal medicine by the American Board of Internal Medicine. She specializes in interventional cardiology and peripheral arterial disease, with a focus on women’s heart health. Hypertension is a risk factor for all clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis, as it is a risk factor for atherosclerosis itself.
High Blood Pressure (hypertension)
Aggressive control of hypertension can reverse or reverse left ventricular hypertrophy and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Left ventricular hypertrophy occurs in 25% of hyperactive patients and can be easily diagnosed by echocardiography.
The underlying mechanisms of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy are of 2 types: firstly, mechanical (mainly leading to myocyte hypertrophy) and secondly, neurohormonal (mainly leading to fibroblastic proliferation).
They are common in hypertensive patients. Patients with diastolic heart failure have a preserved ejection fraction, which is a measure of systolic function.
High Blood Pressure Affects Your Body: What You Need To Know
Approximately 85% of strokes are due to infarction and the rest to hemorrhage, either intracerebral or subarachnoid.
The incidence of stroke increases progressively with increasing blood pressure levels, particularly systolic blood pressure in people over 65 years of age. Treatment of hypertension convincingly decreases the incidence of both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.
Hypertension-related cognitive impairment and demtia may result from a single infarction due to occlusion of a larger “strategic” vessel
Several clinical trials suggest that antihypertensive therapy has a beneficial effect on cognitive function, although this remains an active area of research.
Environmental Causes Of High Blood Pressure (hypertension)
Cerebral blood flow remains unchanged over a wide range of blood pressures (mean arterial pressure 50 to 150 mmHg) through a process called autoregulation of blood flow.
Signs and symptoms of hypertensive cephalopathy may include severe headache, nausea and vomiting (often projectile in nature), focal neurological signs, and altered mental status. Untreated hypertensive cephalopathy can progress to stupor, coma, seizures, and death within hours.
It is important to distinguish hypertensive cephalopathy from other neurological syndromes that may be associated with hypertension, for example, cerebral ischemia, hemorrhagic or thrombotic stroke, seizure disorder, mass lesions, pseudotumor cerebri, tremor delirium, mingitis, acute intermittent porphyria, traumatic injury or chemistry. to the brain and uremic cephalopathy.
Hypertensive retinopathy is a condition characterized by a spectrum of retinal vascular signs in people with elevated blood pressure.
Hidden Causes Of High Blood Pressure
In the initial, vasoconstrictive stage, there is vasospasm and increased retinal arteriolar tone due to local autoregulatory mechanisms. This stage presents clinically as a generalized narrowing of the retinal arterioles. Persistently elevated blood pressure leads to intimal thickening, medial wall hyperplasia, and hyaline degeneration in the later, sclerotic stage. This stage corresponds to more severe focal and generalized areas of arteriolar narrowing, changes in the arteriolar and vular junctions, and alterations in the arteriolar light reflex (i.e., widening and activation of the central light reflex or “copper wiring”).
This is followed by an exudative stage, in which there is disruption of the blood-retinal barrier, necrosis of smooth muscles and dothelial cells, exudation of blood and lipids, and retinal ischemia. These changes manifest themselves in the retina as microaneurysms, hemorrhages, hard exudates and cotton wool.
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