The term “code” refers to a collection of basic guidelines or standardized practices for design, production, installation, and inspection that the law has accepted.

Advantages of codes:

Codes are crucial for several reasons, some of which are:

• They establish a shared vocabulary for engineering standards, terminologies, ideas, and procedures.
• They aid users in developing a routine method of operation.
• They provide inherent security, dependability, and continuity.
• They encourage interchangeability and reduce mismatches.
• They make the system more economical, decrease inventories, and guarantee that market backup is always available.
• They aid in the gathering of knowledge.
• They assist in preventing the need to innovate continuously.

Why is a code required?

Compliance is required as soon as the code is applied to the product. The organization and those who support it have a responsibility to respect the rules.

Therefore, the business must adhere to the code standards, and each inspector who conducts inspections and writes inspection reports is personally liable for doing so.

Codes are typically used as national or state laws. The local government may carefully review the code to ensure that it can be used in the area.

For instance, even if a manufacturer complies with code standards, they are still responsible for the product’s functioning. The maker must provide a warranty or endorsement, not the code itself.

Some examples of commonly used Welding codes are:

AWS D1.1: Fabricating and Putting Up Welded Steel Structures:

The specifications for producing and constructing welded Steel structures are found in this Code. Steels with a thickness of 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) or more are covered by this code. Most of the clauses in this code are required when mentioned in a contract. An appendix that is part of this code contains optional clauses and examples.

The Code is generally used while erecting and fabricating support structures and buildings, such as welded structures.

There are eight “clauses” or chapters in the 540-page Code, which are as follows:

• Basic prerequisites
• Welded connection design
• The criteria for exempting a WPS from the WPS qualification standards are outlined in the Pre-qualification of Weld Procedure Specifications (WPS) document.
• Weld Procedure Specification (WPS) criteria include PQRs (Procedure Qualification Records) and qualification tests for all welding workers (tack welders, welding operators, welders).
• Requirements for the construction and erection of welded structures covered by this Code
• Inspection
• Rules for joining studs to structural steel in stud welding
• Information relevant to welding modifications or repairs to existing structures is provided in “Strengthening and Repairing Existing Structures.”

AWS D1.2: This is the Structural Welding Code for Aluminum:

Any welded aluminum alloy structure must adhere to the welding criteria.

For the creation of supporting structures and ancillaries, this code is suitable.

Codes created for use in specialized manufacturing, such as the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, aerospace codes, or military codes, are not intended to be replaced by it.

AWS D1.3: Structural Steel Welding Code:

This is the steel code sheet for structural welding.

This regulation applies to the arc welding of structural steel sheet and strip steels, as well as cold-formed members, with nominal thicknesses equal to or less than 3/16 inches (188 in /4.8 mm).

This code covers the three sheet steel-specific weld types: arc spot, arc seam, and arc plug welds.

AWS D1.4: Reinforcing Steel Structural Welding Code:

This steel is reinforced according to the structural welding code.

This code shall be followed when welding reinforcing steel to reinforcing steel and reinforcing steel to carbon or low-alloy structural steel. This code applies to all welding of reinforcing steel done as a component of reinforced concrete construction using the procedures indicated in Section 1.4 and is to be utilized following the general building code specifications.

The rules of AWS D1.1 must be followed when reinforcing steel is welded to a structural steel component.

AWS D1.5: Bridge Welding Code:

This is the code for bridge welding.

This code specifies the rules for welding fabrication that apply to welded highway bridges.

It must be used with either the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications or the AASHTO Standard Specification for Highway Bridges.

The following uses of this code are not recommended:

Pressure vessels or pressure pipelines, Steels with a minimum specified yield strength of more than 690 MPa (100 ksi),

Alternative base metals to carbon or low-alloy steels, or

Structural tubing-based structures

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