One Reason To Wear Yoga Pants – And It's Not Yoga

My dermatologist is so mean. She's really nice actually, but she's mean because she makes me dress like Nanook of the North, even when it's 90 degrees out.

It all started during my September 2019 appointment when I had been bitten by the Aedes mosquitoes (aka Ankle Biters) during the infestation in Orange County.

I had been bitten 19 times and had to get 19 shots of low-dose steroids, one in each of the sites where I had been bitten. 19 shots! Yes, 19! You see, these nasty little bloodsuckers love Type O blood. It's their blood of choice, sort of like drinking Champagne.

So, one mosquito bites me and … "Yummm," says the discriminating little bug, "Type O blood. Hey guys, party over here." And soon they're having the time of their lives, a party to rival the most elaborate and exciting post-Oscars bash.

So my dermatologist says I have to stay covered up by wearing long pants or a long skirt and a long-sleeved blouse. Just when did I become Amish?

By the way, I'd like to give a big shout-out to the young gals of the '80s. They're the ones who made it popular to wear pajamas in public.

They were the ones you'd see out and about wearing PJs and Ugg boots. And I believe that is why the ever-so-comfortable pants were designed. Yoga pants, I believe they're called.

They were launched by some very observant designers. "Hmmm … I think we have a market here. The young are going for comfort, and I think it's catching on with a somewhat older crowd."  So they started the trend toward wearing yoga pants or whatever they're called.

I bought mine in Kohl's Juniors Department. And they were there right when I needed them – when my dermatologist said I had to stay covered to prevent getting all bitten up. I had bought seven pairs of them and had the week covered. More than a week if I decided to mix things up with the long skirts I bought.

Anyhoo, I just love that my friend Monica said that she is a bug magnet. Yup, that about covers it, as does my Amish wardrobe. Because I too am a bug magnet.

And by the way, my apologies to any Amish folks who might be visiting friends in the Village. I have the utmost respect for your culture.

Diane Duray is a Laguna Woods Village resident. Contact her at [email protected].

Yoga For Everyone

Originally published on Mar. 27, 2017

It's time to roll out your yoga mat and discover the combination of physical and mental exercises that for thousands of years have hooked yoga practitioners around the globe. The beauty of yoga is that you don't have to be a yogi or yogini to reap the benefits. Whether you are young or old, overweight or fit, yoga has the power to calm the mind and strengthen the body. Don't be intimidated by yoga terminology, fancy yoga studios and complicated poses. Yoga is for everyone.

10 Yoga Poses You Need to Know

The building blocks of yoga are poses. These are good ones to learn as you build a regular yoga practice.

These 10 poses are a complete yoga workout. Move slowly through each pose, remembering to breathe as you move. Pause after any pose you find challenging, especially if you are short of breath, and start again when your breathing returns to normal. The idea is to hold each pose for a few, slow breaths before moving on to the next one.

Child's Pose

This calming pose is a good default pause position. You can use child's pose to rest and refocus before continuing to your next pose. It gently stretches your lower back, hips, thighs, knees and ankles and relaxes your spine, shoulders and neck.

Do it: When you want to get a nice gentle stretch through your neck spine and hips. Skip it: If you have knee injuries or ankle problems. Avoid also if you have high blood pressure or are pregnant. Modify: You can rest your head on a cushion or block. You can place a rolled towel under your ankles if they are uncomfortable. Be mindful: Focus on relaxing the muscles of the spine and lower back as you breathe.

STEPS:

1. Kneel on your hands and knees, with your hands in front of your shoulders and your knees about hip width apart, or wider if that is more comfortable and your big toes touching.

2. As you exhale, lower your buttocks toward your heels as your torso rests on your thighs, or between your thighs, and your head rests on the floor or a block or cushion.

3. Rest your arms alongside the thighs, palms facing up.

4. Release the muscles around the spine and hips and take several slow breaths.

Downward-Facing Dog

Downward-facing dog strengthens the arms, shoulders and back while stretching the hamstrings, calves and arches of your feet. It can also help relieve back pain.

Do it: To help relieve back pain. Skip it: This pose is not recommended if you have carpal tunnel syndrome or other wrist problems, have high blood pressure or are in the late stages of pregnancy. Modify: You can do the pose with your elbows on the ground, which takes the weight off your wrists. You can also use blocks under your hands, which may feel more comfortable. Be mindful: Focus on distributing the weight evenly through your palms and lifting your hips up and back, away from your shoulders.

STEPS:

1. Start on your hands and knees, with your hands shoulder-distance apart and your knees under your hips, toes tucked.

2. Inhale, press evenly into your palms and raise your knees off the ground.

3. Lift your hips up and back, working to lengthen your spine.

4. Exhale as you begin to straighten your legs as much as possible, heels reaching toward the ground. If your legs are straight, lift the thigh muscles strongly up as you press into the ground with your feet.

5. Lift the shoulders away from the ears and flatten the shoulder blades on your back. Rotate your upper arms down towards the floor. Firm your outer hips in toward the center.

6. Keep inhaling and exhaling evenly as you hold the pose.

Plank Pose

A commonly seen exercise, plank helps build strength in the core, shoulders, arms and legs.

Do it: Plank pose is good if you are looking to tone your abs and build strength in your upper body. Skip it: Avoid plank pose if you suffer from carpal tunnel syndrome. It can be hard on your wrists. You might also skip it or modify if you have low back pain. Modify: You can modify it by placing your knees on the floor. Be mindful: As you do a plank, imagine the back of your neck and spine lengthening.

STEPS:

1. Begin in Downward-Facing Dog pose.

2. Inhale and shift forward until your body is in a straight line, shoulders stacked over your wrists and heels above the balls of the feet.

3. Exhale as you press down through your forearms and hands, gazing at the floor in front of you. Imagine the back of your neck and spine lengthening.

4. Keep breathing steadily as you hold the pose for as long as you can, engaging the core muscles by drawing your navel into the body and toward your spine. Keep your thighs lifted and your hips high, but don't let your rear stick up too high.

Four-Limbed Staff Pose

This push-up variation follows plank pose in a common yoga sequence known as the sun salutation. It is a good pose to learn if you want to eventually work on more advanced poses, such as arm balances or inversions.

Do it: Like plank, this pose strengthens arms and wrists and tones the abdomen. Skip it: If you have carpal tunnel syndrome, lower back pain, a shoulder injury or are pregnant. Modify: It's a good idea for beginners to modify the pose by keeping your knees on the floor. Be mindful: Press your palms evenly into the floor and lift your shoulders away from the floor as you hold this pose.

STEPS:

1. From plank pose, inhale and shift forward, reaching your sternum forward until your shoulders are slightly forward of your wrists and you are on the balls of your feet. Flatten your shoulder blades on your back as you lift your thighs and front torso away from the floor. Draw the abdominal muscles up toward the spine.

2. Exhale and bend the elbows straight back — not out to the sides — as you lower your body in a straight line until it is a few inches above the floor. Make sure your shoulders don't dip below the level of your elbows. If you are a beginner, drop your knees to the mat before lowering.

3. Hold the pose for a few breaths.

Cobra Pose

This back-bending pose can help strengthen the back muscles, increase spinal flexibility and stretches the chest, shoulders and abdomen.

Do it: This post is great for strengthening the back. Skip it: If you have arthritis in your spine or neck, a low-back injury or carpal tunnel syndrome. Modify: Just lift up a few inches, and don't try to straighten your arms. Be mindful: Try to keep your navel drawing up away from the floor as you hold this pose.

STEPS:

1. Lie flat on your belly with your forehead on your mat and your toenails pressing into the mat.

2. Place your hands under your shoulders, keeping your elbows close to your torso. Draw your navel up away from the mat.

3. Inhale and press your feet and legs into the mat, releasing your tailbone down toward your pubis as you begin to straighten the arms to lift your head and chest forward and up off the floor. Exhale.

4. Inhale as you widen the chest and hold here for another breath or two.

5. On an exhale, lower your head, neck and chest onto the floor.

Tree Pose

Beyond helping improve your balance, it can also strengthen your core, ankles, calves, thighs and spine.

Do it: Great for working on your balance and posture. Skip it: You many want to skip this pose if you have low blood pressure or any medical conditions that affect your balance. Modify: Place one of your hands on a wall for support. Be mindful: Focus on your breath in and out as you hold this pose.

STEPS:

1. Stand on your mat, with your feet together, or slightly apart, if that is more comfortable. Take a couple of breaths.

2. Slowly shift your weight to your right leg.

3. Raise your left leg and clasp your ankle to guide the sole of the left foot to the inner thigh of the right leg. Try to keep your hips level.

4. Press your foot against your thigh and your thigh against your foot. Lift up through your standing leg, core and chest.

5. Breathe regularly as you hold the pose for a few breaths. You can bring your palms together at your chest, or raise your arms above your head if you feel stable enough.

6. Lower your left leg and try the other side.

Triangle Pose

Triangle, which is a part of many yoga sequences helps build strength in the legs and stretches the hips, spine, chest, shoulders, groins, hamstrings and calves. It can also help increase mobility in the hips and neck.

Do it: This pose is great for building strength and endurance. Skip it: Avoid this pose if you have a headache or low blood pressure. Modify: If you have high blood pressure, turn your head to gaze downward in the final pose. If you have neck problems, don't turn your head to look upward; look straight ahead and keep both sides of the neck long. Be mindful: Keep lifting your raised arm toward the ceiling. It helps keep the pose buoyant.

STEPS:

1. Take a wide stance, with your feet three and a half to four feet apart, depending on your size; taller people can take a wider stance.

2. Turn your left foot slightly to the right and your right foot out to the right 90 degrees. Your front heel should be in line with the arch of your back foot. Firm your thighs and make sure that the center of the right knee is in line with the center of the right ankle.

3. Inhale and raise your arms out to the sides, shoulder height.

4. Exhale and reach your right arm to the right, lengthening your torso directly over the right leg as you move your hips to the left.

5. Rest your right hand on your shin, ankle, or the floor outside your right foot. Keep the sides of the torso long.

6. Stretch your left arm toward the ceiling, in line with the tops of your shoulders. Turn your torso up toward the ceiling. Keep your head in a neutral position or turn it to the left, eyes gazing at the left thumb.

7. Stay and breathe for a minute; then come up and try the other side.

Seated Half-Spinal Twist Pose

This twisting pose can increase the flexibility in your back, while stretching the shoulders, hips and chest. It can also help relieve tension in the middle of your back.

Do it: To release tight muscles around the shoulders and upper and lower back. Skip it: If you have a back injury. Modify: If bending your right knee is uncomfortable, keep it straight out in front of you. Be mindful: Lift your torso with each inhale, and twist as you exhale.

STEPS:

1. Sit up on the floor or a folded blanket, with your hands on the floor or blanket behind you for support. Straighten your legs out in front of you.

2. Bend your right knee and place your right foot to the outside of your left knee.

3. Inhale, lengthen your torso, exhale and twist toward your right, either hugging your right knee with your left arm or placing your left upper arm on the outside of your right leg near the knee.

4. Take several breaths here, lifting up through the sternum on the inhale and twisting a little more on the exhale, keeping the upper back wide.

5. Release the twist and try the other side.

Bridge Pose

This is a back-bending pose that stretches the muscles of the chest, back and neck. It also builds strength in the back and hamstring muscles.

Do it: If you sit most of the day, this pose will help you open your upper chest. Skip it: Avoid this pose if you have a neck injury. Modify: Place a block between your thighs to help keep the legs and feet in proper alignment. Or you can place a block under your pelvis if your lower back is bothering you. Be mindful: While holding this pose, try to keep your chest lifted and your sternum toward your chin.

STEPS:

1. Lie on your back on your mat. Bend your knees and set your feet on the floor, with your heels close to your torso. Place your arms alongside your hips, palms down. Inhale.

2. Exhale and, pressing your inner feet and palms into the floor, lift your hips up. Keep your thighs and inner feet parallel.

3. Clasp the hands together underneath you if you can and extend through the arms to help you stay on the tops of your shoulders.

4. Lift your buttocks until the thighs are about parallel to the floor. Use your legs to support the lifting of the pelvis. Lengthen the tailbone toward the backs of the knees. Lift the pubis toward the navel.

5. Lift your chin slightly away from the sternum and, firming the shoulder blades against your back, press the top of the sternum toward the chin.

6. Stay in the pose for a few even breaths. On an exhalation, release and roll the spine slowly down onto the floor.

Corpse Pose

Like life, yoga classes typically end with this pose. It allows for a moment of relaxation, but some people find it difficult to stay still in this pose. However, the more you try this pose, the easier it is to sink into a relaxing, meditative state.

Do it: Always! Skip it: If you don't want to have a moment's peace. Modify: Place a blanket under your head, if that feels more comfortable. You can also roll up a blanket and place that under your knees, if your lower back is sensitive or bothering you. Be mindful: Feel the weight of your body sinking into your mat one part at a time.

STEPS:

1. Lie down on your back.

2. Straighten both legs along the floor; the feet can turn out slightly. If your lower back is uncomfortable, you can place a rolled-up blanket under your knees.

3. Your arms can rest a few inches from your body, with the backs of the hands on the floor. Make sure the shoulder blades are resting evenly on the floor.

4. Fully release your weight into the mat and let your muscles relax. Breathe normally.

What Is Yoga?

More than a physical workout, yoga is a full mind and body exercise.

Yoga 101

A set of specific exercises, called poses, combined with specific breathing techniques and meditation principles are the building blocks of a yoga class. If a pose causes pain or proves too difficult, there are variations and modifications that can be made to help students. Props like blocks, blankets and straps — even chairs — can be used to help you get the most benefit from the poses. Yoga is not one-size-fits-all: The best yoga workout for you will depend on your individual needs and goals.

The benefits of a regular yoga practice are wide-ranging. In general, a complete yoga workout can help keep your back and joints healthy, improve your overall posture, stretch and strengthen muscles and improve your balance, says Roger Cole, Ph.D., a psychobiologist and certified Iyengar yoga teacher. Yoga also has "a restorative side that is deeply relaxing and rejuvenating," Dr. Cole says. "Relaxation is built into every yoga session."

In addition, yoga's focus on the breath can calm you and help you learn to be more mindful of your body, says Dr. Timothy McCall, the author of "Yoga as Medicine," and that can help you to move with greater ease.

In recent years, more and more research is demonstrating the wide-ranging health benefits of yoga.

Studies show that yoga can help:

Reduce back pain: Weekly yoga classes relieve symptoms of low back pain about as well as intense, regular stretching sessions.

Strengthen bones: In one small study, yoga practitioners were shown to have increased bone density in their spine and hips, compared to people in a control group.

Improve balance: Male athletes in one study displayed better balance after 10 weeks of yoga classes than a control group of athletes who did not change their routines.

Stave off mental decline: In one study, participants who did a combination of yoga and meditation as opposed to a brain-training exercise performed much better on a test of visuospatial memory, a type of remembering that is important for balance, depth perception and the ability to recognize objects and navigate the world.

Reduce stress: A study of 72 women found that Iyengar yoga helped reduce mental distress and the related psychological and physical symptoms of stress.

Relieve depression: In a study of coal miners with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or C.O.P.D., yoga was shown to alleviate depression and anxiety.

Ancient, But Not Foreign

Yoga is tied to ancient Indian philosophy, so yoga poses have both Sanskrit and English names — adho mukha svanasana is more commonly known as downward-facing dog, for example — and you may hear both in a class.

But even if you have never tried a yoga class, you may already be familiar with some yoga poses. Ever tried a plank? You've done yoga.

Trainers and fitness classes around the world, not to mention college and professional sports teams, are including yoga into more traditional workouts as a potent form of mind-body conditioning, helping athletes to breathe better and increase their focus.

The Seattle Seahawks and Los Angeles Clippers, for example, practice yoga in a team setting, and many top sports professionals, including the basketball star LeBron James and the tennis champion Novak Djokovic have incorporated yoga into their training programs.

"The attention-focusing and alignment-honing potential of a yoga practice is a solid complement to more athletic, explosive and calisthenic endeavors," says Derek Cook, a former personal trainer who teaches yoga.

Yoga and Meditation

Before yoga was a popular physical exercise, it was, for thousands of years, mainly a meditation practice.

Mindfulness with Yoga

In a yoga class, as you learn to do yoga poses, you will be instructed to notice your breath and the way your body moves during the exercises. The is the foundation of a mind-body connection.

A well-balanced series of yoga exercises gives you the opportunity to scan your entire body, noting how you feel as you move through the poses. You may begin to realize, for example, that one side of your body feels different than the other during a stretch, or that it's easier to balance on your right leg, or that certain poses helps ease tension in your neck.

This is how yoga turns physical exercises into tools to help students become more mindful and even learn to meditate.

Stephen Cope, who teaches yoga and mindfulness at Kripalu Center for Yoga and Health in Massachusetts has written that learning to focus in this way can help us outside of yoga class, too. "As we train our attention, we'll begin to notice our postures throughout the day, not just on the yoga mat," Mr. Cope writes in his book "Yoga and the Quest for the True Self."

Learning to be aware of your posture at your desk or when you walk, for example, can be the first step to making improvements that will make you move more easily and feel better all the time.

The Breath

Breathing techniques are an essential part of yoga — not only do they help you to stay focused while practicing yoga, they can also help reduce stress and relax the nervous system and calm the mind.

Yoga breathing techniques also offer a " way into meditation," says Elena Brower, a yoga and meditation teacher and the author of "Art of Attention." Ms. Brower says that more people who have in recent years focused on the physical aspects of yoga are moving toward meditation, as they find "they have an increasing need to have time to reflect, release and recalibrate."

Here are a few types of breathing techniques that may be included in a yoga class:

Abdominal Breathing: Also called diaphragmatic or belly breathing, this is the most common breathing technique you'll find in basic yoga. It helps foster healthy, efficient breathing in general.

Try it:

Inflate your abdomen as you inhale.

Exhale, trying to empty your abdomen of as much air as you can.

Ujjayi or "victorious" breath: This type of deep breathing allows you to slow and smooth the flow of breath. It is often used in flow classes to help students regulate their breathing as they move through the poses.

Try it:

Constrict the muscles in the back of your throat and breathe in and out with your mouth closed.

Some say this breathing technique sounds like Darth Vader; others say it sounds like the ocean. In any case, the sound should be audible to you only; your neighbor doesn't necessarily need to hear it.

Interval or interrupted breathing: In this type of breathing, the student is instructed to pauses and hold the breath during the inhalation or exhalation, or both. It is a good way to begin to learn to control the breath, especially if you are looking to try more advance yoga breathing techniques.

Try it:

Inhale fully.

Release one-third of the breath.

Pause.

Release another third of the breath.

Pause.

Exhale the rest of the breath.

Repeat.

If you like, you can then do a couple rounds of interrupted breathing during exhalation.

Alternate nostril breathing: This technique is said to be effective in balancing the nervous system and is a good idea to try before meditation,

Hold one nostril closed and inhale through the open nostril.

Exhale through the open nostril.

Switch your hands and block the open nostril, releasing the closed nostril.

Inhale through the open nostril and exhale.

Repeat several times.

Get Your Gear

You don't need anything to start a yoga practice, but here's what you may want as you progress.

No Sock, No Shoes, No Problem

Yoga is generally practiced in bare feet on a mat. Socks are slippery, which is why wearing them is not recommended. If you really want to wear socks, look for sports socks that have rubber grips on the soles.

Yoga Mats

Most yoga studios and gyms offer mats, but many yoga students prefer to buy a mat, for hygiene and because mats differ in material, density and stickiness. You may find you develop a strong preference for a certain type of mat.

Choose a mat that prevents you from slipping and sliding, as that will give you a stable base for transitioning from one pose to the next. Clean your mat regularly with antibacterial wipes. If you plan to rent mats at your studio or gym, it would be a good idea to carry around a small packet of antibacterial wipes to clean your rental mat.

If you are looking to buy your own yoga mat, The Wirecutter, a website owned by The New York Times Company, has done a complete review of your options.

Clothes

Comfortable clothing is recommended. Any workout clothes would generally work well for a yoga class. However, clothing that is too loose-fitting may get in the way if you progress into headstand and handstand poses.

Beginning a Yoga Practice

If you want to reap the full benefits of yoga, it's important to find a way to make it a regular part of your routine.

Creating a Habit

The most important thing to remember when starting a yoga practice (or any new health habit) is that the key to success is doing it routinely. Start small and manageable, says Dr. McCall. Ten or 15 minutes a day of yoga may be more valuable than going to one class a week. "I would rather have a student succeed at doing a one-minute-a-day practice, than fail at doing a five-minute-a-day practice," says Dr. McCall.

Hopefully, as you begin to see the benefits of your daily practice, however short, chances are you will be convinced to do more.

Find a Class

Yoga can be done at home, but — especially for the beginner — it is important to try a class or two that is taught by a seasoned instructor, in a private or group setting, to be sure you are doing the yoga exercises safely.

Look for an experienced yoga instructor who has at least a 200-hour teaching certificate from a teacher-training program accredited with the Yoga Alliance. Those programs include training on injury prevention. If you have any specific medical concerns, check with a doctor before beginning to see what types of yoga might be best for you.

Look for yoga studios or gyms that provide good slip-resistant mats (if you are planning on renting a mat) and sturdy, clean blocks for support. If you do rent a mat, make sure there is antibacterial spray or cloths available for you to wipe down your mat before and after use.

What Class is Right for Me?

There are many styles of yoga classes taught today. Some are very physically challenging and will leave you sweating; others are gentle and restorative. Some teachers play music in class; others don't. Some classes include references to yoga philosophy and spirituality; others don't.

Here are a few types of classes your yoga studio or gym may offer:

Hatha: Most yoga styles being taught in America today are a form of hatha yoga, which is a general term that refers to the physical part of yoga, rather than yoga philosophy or meditation. A Hatha yoga class is likely to be a combination of poses and breathing exercises, but it's hard to know whether it will be challenging or gentle. Check with the school or the teacher to find more about the level of classes that are described only as Hatha yoga.

Ashtanga Yoga: This is a challenging style of yoga that is centered around a progressive series of yoga sequences that, traditionally, students practice on their own under the guidance of a teacher. If you think that yoga is not a workout, you haven't tried an Ashtanga class. Classes include advanced poses such as arm balances and inversions including headstands and shoulder stands. Beginner students are strongly advised to study with an experienced teacher. Ashtanga classes will also often include teachings in yoga philosophy.

Power Yoga: As its name suggests, power yoga is a challenging style of yoga aimed at strength-building. These classes will include advanced poses and inversions like headstands and handstands that require a lot of strength.

Vinyasa or Flow: These classes usually consist of a fairly energetic flowing sequence of yoga poses that will include — depending on the level — advanced poses, such as arm balances, headstands, shoulder stands and handstands. Many vinyasa classes have musical accompaniment of the teacher's choosing.

Iyengar: Love learning about how your muscles and joints work together? This is the yoga for you. Iyengar yoga focuses on the precision of your yoga poses. Iyengar classes are known for their use of props, including blankets, blocks, straps and bolsters, to help students do poses that they wouldn't be able to do otherwise. Classes can also include ropes that are anchored to the walls to do inversions and other poses. They also tend to include breathing exercises and references to yoga philosophy.

Bikram or Hot Yoga: Like the heat? Bikram yoga is a set series of 26 poses performed in a room heated to 105 degrees, which is said to allow for deeper stretching and provide for a better cardiovascular workout. Unlike most yoga classes, Bikram classes are always done in rooms with mirrors. Hot yoga refers to any yoga class that is done in a heated room — generally from 80 to 100 degrees.

Restorative Yoga: If you are looking for a little more relaxation from your yoga class, restorative yoga is for you. This yoga style usually involves a few restful poses that are held for long periods of time. Restorative poses include light twists, seated forward folds and gentle back-bends, usually done with the assistance of many props, including blankets, blocks and bolsters.

Yin Yoga: Looking for a new kind of stretching experience? Yin yoga is aimed at stretching the connective tissue around the pelvis, sacrum, spine and knees to promote flexibility. Poses are held for a longer amount of time in yin yoga classes, generally from three to five minutes. It is a quiet style of yoga, and will quickly show you how good you are at sitting still.

Note: It's a good idea to try several yoga classes. How much you enjoy any class will come down to how much you like the teacher, not how it's labeled.

Class Etiquette

Yoga students are expected to be on time to class and respectful of one another. Crowded classes can mean that students will be aligned mat-to-mat, so don't assume that you will have a lot of room around you for personal belongings. Most yoga classrooms have shelves for your valuables, drinks and other personal items. Remember to turn your cellphone off before class.

For Bikram or hot yoga classes, bring a towel. You are going to sweat, and it will help prevent slipping.

Classes usually begin with a brief introduction by the teacher that may include a focus or theme for the day, such as backbends or particular poses, and then the teacher often will instruct the class to chant the word "Om" together. (Om is a Sanskrit term that connotes the connectivity of all things in the universe.)

To "Om" or not to "Om"? There is no obligation to chant, but you should at least remain quiet during that time.

Some breathing techniques taught in yoga classes are meant to be loud and others are not. Students should take cues from the teacher.

If you have to leave early, try to tell the teacher ahead of time, and, if you can, position yourself near the back of the room and leave before the relaxation period at the end of class.

A note to the over-achiever: Trying too hard often leads to injury. Being aware of your physical limitations and when you need to modify a pose will be more beneficial to your body than reaching to be the most flexible or strongest in the class.

Yoga Online

Can't make it to yoga class regularly? Prefer to practice yoga at home? No problem. Yoga can come to you, online.

Finding an App

There are a dizzying array of apps and streaming sites available for yoga: for the office, on a plane, in bed and just about anywhere else. There are apps for breathing exercises, yoga philosophy and anatomy for the yoga student. They cater to the curvy, the runner, the veteran, the child, the health-care provider and everyone else. Here are a few good options to explore:

Gaia: Gaia offers unlimited streaming of its yoga classes, with a large roster of teachers, including popular instructors like Rodney Yee and Patricia Walden. You can select classes based on duration, style, teacher, level and focus. This comprehensive site also has special series for beginners, travelers, athletes and weight loss. An annual plan membership costs about $8 per month.

YogaGlo: Like Gaia, YogaGlo offers a variety of yoga style and teachers — there are more than 3,500 classes offered, ranging from five minutes to two hours long. And like Gaia, classes on meditation and yoga philosophy are also offered. Yoga Glo is pricier, however, at $18 a month for unlimited streaming.

Yoga Today: With videos filmed outdoors against the beautiful backdrop of Jackson Hole, Wyo., Yoga Today offers a stunning online collection of yoga videos, some of them free, if you sign up for the site's newsletter. Notable are the site's short videos that break down one pose. For $10 a month, on an annual plan, you can have access to the full library of yoga classes.

Yoga Studio: This app is designed to provide you the optimal yoga experience on your phone. You don't need access to the internet at all time because you download the classes and they keep the download sizes small. The site has over 60 classes from 15 to 60 minutes long and a pose guide.

Curvy Yoga Studio: This site, led by Anna Guest-Jelley, founder of Curvy Yoga, is meant to be a welcoming yoga portal for people of all sizes, with a focus on providing instructions to how to modify yoga poses if you are overweight. For $20 a month you get access to Curvy Yoga's video classes, as well as access to their live practices and library of mini eBooks on topics ranging from how to set up a home yoga studio to how to start a meditation practice.

Still want more?

Yoga Journal, started in 1975 by a group of yoga teachers from California, is one of the most comprehensive online yoga sites available. (The company also publishes a monthly print magazine.) The online site has detailed information on practicing yoga, including a guide to poses and a tool to help you put yoga poses together into a sequence or class, as well as lots of information on meditation and wellness.

Also, be sure to look up your favorite teachers' websites for videos or information on how to stream their classes as well.

About the Author

Kelly Couturier is a senior staff editor on the business desk at The New York Times. She is a certified yoga teacher who has written about yoga for The New York Times and teaches a weekly yoga class at the company.

Yoga To Make You Strong

Originally published on May 4, 2018

Want a tighter core, solid arms and sculpted legs? Not only can yoga make you more flexible and reduce stress, it can also make your body strong. By starting with poses like dolphin push-ups and half handstand, you can build and tone muscles throughout the body, and your mind will get a workout too. Now roll out your yoga mat and get ready to sweat! You'll be amazed by what you can do.

Yoga for Your Core

Tighten your stomach and strengthen your back with these simple but challenging poses.

Plank Pose

A commonly seen exercise, plank helps build strength in the core, shoulders, arms and legs.

Modify: You can modify this pose by placing your knees on the floor and by bending your elbows slightly.

Skip it: Avoid plank pose if you suffer from carpal tunnel syndrome or have any wrist sensitivities as it can be hard on your wrists. You might also skip it or modify if you have low back pain.

Be mindful: As you move into plank, use a deep inhale to broaden your chest through the shoulders and middle back. As you exhale, use that energy to engage the abs to strengthen the pose.

Plank

This common pose can build strength in the core, shoulders, arms and legs.

STEPS:

1. Begin in Downward-Facing Dog pose.

2. Inhale and shift forward until your body is in a straight line, shoulders stacked over your wrists and heels above the balls of the feet.

3. Exhale as you press down through your forearms and hands, gazing at the floor in front of you. Imagine the back of your neck and spine lengthening.

4. Keep breathing steadily as you hold the pose for as long as you can, engaging the core muscles by drawing your navel into the body and toward your spine. Keep your thighs lifted and your hips high, but don't let your rear stick up too high.

Challenge Yourself in Plank Pose

Stronger Legs:

Once you're in the plank pose, lift your left foot off the ground and point your left foot straight back engaging your left thigh and calf

Ensure that your hips remain level; hold the pose for 5 breaths. Don't hold your breath.

Repeat on the right side.

Lift your left hand and move it in front of you and lightly touch it to your right shoulder. Hold for three breaths.

Repeat on the right side.

Bonus abs:

Lift your left leg up from the floor. Bend your knee, and bring your foot up toward your shoulder.

Hold for three breaths.

Repeat on the right side.

Side Plank

Side plank rotates the body 90 degrees from a traditional plank to strengthen the sides of your abs.

Modify: To ease the pressure on your upper body, drop the knee of the leg closest to the ground. You can also keep your lifted arm at your side to help with balance. To ease the pressure on your wrist, you could also drop to your elbow instead of balancing on your wrist.

Skip it: If you have any wrist pain or weakness.

Be mindful: Keep your chest open to ensure that you aren't collapsing into the shoulder closest to the floor. Expand your chest on your inhales and strengthen through the abs on your exhales.

You can work the sides of your core when you rotate a plank to your side.

STEPS:

1. Begin in plank pose and begin to place all of your weight on your left arm and left leg; shift onto the outside of your left foot

2. Lift your right hand toward the sky as you bring your hip up to vertical.

Challenge Yourself (Shown in Video):

Extreme core workout:

1. While in side plank pose, lift your right leg approximately one foot off of your left leg; your hips, shoulders and arms should stay in the same place.

2. Alternate between flexing your foot and pointing your foot.

Focus on balance:

1. Bend your right knee and bring your right foot up your leg to rest as in tree pose. Make sure your foot rests anywhere other than on your knee.

Dolphin Push-up

Dolphin push-up is a full-body exercise that can build strength even with just a few repetitions of the pose.

Modify: If you fatigue in dolphin push-up, focus on plank pose. As you can stay in plank longer, try dolphin push-up.

Skip it: If you have any elbow issues.

Be mindful: Keep your shoulders broad. Ensure that your elbows stay shoulder-width apart and do not point outward. Aim to increase how long you can hold the pose day after day rather than achieving a certain number of dolphin push-ups all at once.

How to Do a Dolphin Push-up

Build all-over strength with this pose.

STEPS:

1. Begin in downward facing dog.

2. Inhale forward into plank pose.

3. Drop your forearms to the ground and ensure that your elbows are shoulder width apart and your forearms are parallel to the mat.

4. Exhale keeping your forearms on the ground and lifting your hips into a downward facing dog.

5. Inhale forward back into the plank pose with your forearms on the ground (also known as dolphin plank) and exhale back into downward facing dog.

6. Repeat for 10 inhales and exhales and then settle into a child's pose.

Challenge Yourself in Dolphin Push-up

Strong abs and legs:

1. Keeping everything else the same, lift your left foot off the ground and point your left foot straight back engaging your left thigh and calf.

2. Ensure that your hips remain level; hold the pose for five breaths. Do not hold your breath.

3. Repeat on the right side.

Bonus abs:

1. Lift your left leg and bend your knee and bring it up toward your shoulder.

2. Hold for three breaths.

3. Repeat on the right side.

Yoga for Balance

You don't always think about balance when you think about strength, but in yoga, building strength comes with the ability to control your body, no matter its position.

Warrior 2 Pose