Construction materials have to be environmentally sustainable in modern times. Companies are becoming more aware of the damage that humans and their businesses are causing to the environment. Thus, they are looking out for ways to diminish the harm caused through their businesses. Construction materials and procedures can cause harm to the environment thus, it has triggered an interest in inventing or researching about environmentally friendly techniques of construction and materials.

Wood is a renewable resource and it can contribute to the sustainability in construction industry. We totally agree that it is unusual for us to think about wood as a sustainable material as its associated with deforestation. But as you are aware construction materials like concrete and steel have huge carbon footprint that cause worse damage to the environment. When you use wood instead of steel it reduces the impact on environment.

Wood is an organic material and versatile too. Infact it is the only renewable construction material. Wooden structures are strong and durable. When they are treated with fire retardant, it can be used as a reliable construction material for long.

These are some of the benefits of wood:

• Thermal qualities:

Wood doesn’t expand with heat. The combination of low thermal conductivity along with specific heat provides insulation.

• Electrical qualities:

Dry wood is a superior electrical insulator. It doesn’t accumulate static electricity. But, you need to know that electric resistance of wood is inversely proportionate to the moisture content in it.

• Mechanical qualities:

Wood is highly strong and durable. It has high breaking length (the length at which a material breaks under its weight when its hanging).

• Aesthetically superior:

Wood looks rustic, and decorative. It comes in variety of colors, smell, texture and shape. Wood can be painted to get the desired look.

• Maintenance:

Wood will not rust like metals do, and it also can be repaired and maintained. Old wood is restorable though the process is a bit costly.

• Wide variety:

Wood comes in 5000 different types and the above mentioned properties vary for each type of wood. But, there is a wide choice for any one who wishes to use wood as a construction material.

• Wood is environmentally friendly and sustainable:

Wood is renewable unlike other construction materials. It can be grown and harvested many times. It can be recycled and made into new products. Innovation can optimize the use of wood to reduce waste. 

Carbon dioxide gets released during the manufacturing of steel and concrete. Transportation also leads to carbon emission. But wood has lower carbon footprints and trees absorb carbon dioxide.

You have to look out for certified wood and ensure that it comes from sustainable forests. This leads to getting rid of destructive lumbering practices.

Wood has certain limitations and they can be lessened by using some protection methods.

• Shrinks and swells:

Wood is hygroscopic, as it absorbs moisture from the air. Thus, wood shrinks and swells.

How wood can deteriorate?

Since wood is an organic material, it is food for particular animals and plants. It can get spoilt due to attack from fungi, beetles, ants and termites.

Wood can get spoilt or it can deteriorate due to sun, fire, chemicals, etc. When thick wood is used as a structural element it lessens the deterioration.

How wood can be protected?

Choose wood depending upon the project conditions. There are some techniques that protect wood and remove its limitations.

• Coating:

Different types of coating can give protection, reduce shrinkage and swelling. Some coatings protect wood from ultraviolet rays. Fungicides can protect the wood from fungus.

• Preservatives:

Preservatives are generally used when wood is continuously exposed to rapid weather change, inspects and liquids.

• Drying:

Wood is dried with air or a kiln as it kills fungi and insects. It effectively removes moisture.

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