S3 buckets are stored in specific regions, however bucket names must be globally unique.
S3 Supports:
Versioning
Encryption
Static website hosting
Access logs – server access logging can be used to track requests for access to your bucket, and can be used for internal security and access audits.

An S3 object consists of:
Key
Value
Version ID (used when versioning is turned on)
Metadata (data about the object such as date uploaded)
Subresources:
ACLs (Access Control Lists i.e. who can access the file)
Torrent
Charges
S3 charges for:
The volume of data you have stored
The number of requests
Data transfer out (including to buckets in other zones/regions)
Transfer Acceleration (which uses the AWS CloudFront CDN for caching files at edge locations)
Storage Class Tiers
S3 has:
99.99% availability
99.999999999% durability
99% availability
99.999999999% durability (11 9’s, you won’t lose a file due to S3 failure)
Best for situations where you want lower costs than standard S3, and a file doesn’t need to be always accessable, but it’s critical that the file is not lost.

S3 RRS (Reduced Redundancy Storage) has:
99.99% availability
99.99% durability (so you may lose a file). This means that RRS is best for situations where you want lower costs than standard S3, and you’re storing non-critical data, or data which can be regenerated in the case where the file is lost.
S3 RRS is not advertised anymore, but may still be mentioned in the exam.
Glacier (which is not actually in the S3 family of services):
Extremely cheap long term storage for archiving
Retreival takes 3-5 hours to complete
Has a 90 day minimum storage duration
The first 10GB of data retreival per month is free

Uploading to S3
200 OK is returned after a successful upload.
The minimum file size of an object is 0 bytes.
Multipart upload is supported via the S3 API. It’s recommended to always use multipart uploads for file sizes over 100mb.
S3 has:
Atomic updates – you’ll never have a situation where a file is partly updated; it’ll either fully succeed (the file will be updated), or fully fail (the file will NOT be updated).
Read after write consistency of PUTs for new objects; you can read an object immediately after upload.
Eventual consistency for updates and DELETEs; an object won’t immediately be updated. If you try to access an object immediately after it’s been updated, you may get the old version. It takes a few seconds for an update or delete to propagate.
Access
The S3 bucket url format is: s3-region.amazonaws.com/bucketname/path-to-file i.e. https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/lithiumdream-wpmedia2017/2017/10/8e30689cd04457e1a7b44d590b0edfc1.jpg or https://lithiumdream-wpmedia2017.s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/2017/10/8e30689cd04457e1a7b44d590b0edfc1.jpg
If S3 is being used as a static website, the URL format will be: https://s3-website-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/2017/10/8e30689cd04457e1a7b44d590b0edfc1.jpg or https://lithiumdream-wpmedia2017.s3-website-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/2017/10/8e30689cd04457e1a7b44d590b0edfc1.jpg
Note s3-region.amazonaws.com vs s3-website.amazonaws.com
The default for permissions for objects on buckets is private.

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